The 640 MEG Shareware Studio 2/The 640 Meg Shareware Studio CD-ROM Volume II (Data Express)(1993).ISO/wp/wp_train.zip/WPREF.DOC

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WORD PERFECT⌐ 5.1



MINI-MANUAL















        Written by: Erik Jones

                Department of Academic Computing

                University of Massachusetts Medical School



Your comments and suggestions for improving this documentation
are solicited and encouraged.  Please forward all suggestions or
comments to:



                Erik Jones

                Department of Academic Computing

                University of Massachusetts Medical School

                55 Lake Avenue North

                Worcester, MA  01655

                E-mail: [e-mail]





Copyright 1991 by the University of Massachusetts, free use
permitted for non-profit educational use.  Attribution
appreciated.

TABLE OF CONTENTS



    WELCOME TO WORD PERFECT 5.1  1

        Installing WordPerfect 5.1  2

        Starting the Program  3

        Using the Keyboard  4

        Help  5



    ENTERING TEXT  6

        Editing Text  7

        Page Breaks  7

        More Cursor Movement  8

        Underlining and Boldface  9

        Centering Text  10

        Tabbing vs. Indenting  10

        Editing Two Documents  12

        Reveal Codes  12



    DISK USAGE  13

        Listing Files  13

        Saving your Document  14

        Manipulating Files  14

        Option 9 - Find  15

        Exiting WordPerfect  16



    DOCUMENT FORMATTING  17

        Hyphenation  17

        Justification  17

        Line Height  18

        Line Numbering  18

        Line Spacing  18

        Left and Right Margins  18

        Tab Stops  19

        Widow/Orphan Protection  19

        Center Page  20

        Force Odd/Even Page  20

        Headers and Footers  20

        Top/Bottom Margins  20

        Page Numbering  21

        Paper Size/Type  21

        Suppress  21

        Redline Method  22

        Document Summary  22

        Other Options  22



    CHANGING THE ENVIRONMENT  24

        The Display  24

        Environment Controls  25

        Initial Settings  26

        File Locations  27



    SPELLING/THESAURUS  28

        Spell Checking  28

        Thesaurus  29



    PRINTING A FILE  30

        Control Printer  30

        View Document  31

        Printer Options  31



    CHANGING FONTS AND STYLES  33

        Size  33

        Appearance  33

        Base Font  34

        Print Color  34



    BLOCKING TEXT  35

        Changing a Block's Attributes  35



    MOVING/COPYING TEXT  36

        Moving and Copying the Block  36



    FINDING AND REPLACING TEXT  37



    FOOTNOTES  38



    MACROS  39



    GRAPHICS  40

        Lines  40

        Graphics Boxes  41



    COLUMNS AND TABLES  43

        Columns  43

        Tables  44



    OUTLINING  45



    STANDARD TABLES  46

        Cross-References  46

        Sub-document  47

        Index  48

        Table of Authorities  49

        Lists  50

        Table of Contents  50



    MERGE UTILITIES  51

        Sorting  52



    TEXT IN/OUT  53

        DOS Text  53

        Password  53

        Save As  53

        Comments  54

        Spreadsheet  54



    CONVERSION UTILITIES  55



    MISCELLANEOUS  56

        Dates  56

        Compose Characters  56

        Flush Right  56

        Go to DOS  56



    APPENDIX I  57



    APPENDIX II - FUNCTION MAPS  58

        Retrieve a Document  59

        Find a Document on Disk  59

        Turn on Justification  59

        Make Document Double-Spaced  60

        Change Left/Right Margins  60

        Change Top/Bottom Margins  60

        Create a Header/Footer      61

        Number Pages  61

        Change to Landscape Orientation  62

        Make Timed Backups  62

        Create Initial Codes  62

        Spell Check a Document  63

        Use the Thesaurus  63

        Find Text  64

        Find and Replace Text  64

        Macros  65

        View a Document  65

        Import a Graphic  66

        Create Columns  67

        Make a Cross-Reference to a Page  68

        Make a Sub-document  68

        Make an Index  69

        Create a Table of Contents  70

        Generate  71

        Save a Document as WordPerfect 5.0  71

        Outlining  71

        Create a Basic Mail-Merge  72

        Copy Text Between Documents  74



    INDEX  75







WELCOME TO WORD PERFECT 5.1



Welcome to one of the most powerful word processors ever
created, WordPerfect⌐ 5.1.  This mini-manual is intended to
substitute for the bulky reference manual that the people at
WordPerfect Corporation decided to send along with this program.
 I find their manual too long, complex, boring, and ill-suited
to the new computer user.  What this mini-manual will do is take
you through all the functions of WordPerfect 5.1.  If you follow
it from beginning to end you should soon become an experienced
user on WordPerfect.  It is intended that you progress through
these pages in order if you are a beginner on the system.  This
mini-manual will not hesitate to explain every little item in
places.  Too often in computer manuals the writers just expect
that the user knows something, and that is often a horrible
experience for the people who have to read the manuals.



I will warn you now, WordPerfect is not simple to use.  It was
intended for professional business people like you who need to
get the most out of their computer systems.  WordPerfect is
powerful, yet it is also complex.  No one becomes an expert
fast, so take your time with this manual.  Remember, this
booklet was written with the intention of building you up a
level at a time, unlike the WordPerfect Corporation's manual
which is just a reference guide.  Take it at your own pace,
because WordPerfect is not easy.



I do not claim that this mini-manual is 100% complete.  I would
peg it at just about 92%.  It covers everything you need to know
to do just about anything with WordPerfect, but it does not
delve into every single nook and cranny.  Therefore, as you
become more and more of an advanced user, you might need to pull
out the reference manual at times.



If you have a mouse, you might as well toss it in a desk drawer
for WordPerfect.  While WordPerfect 5.1 supports the use of a
mouse, it's horrible.  The people at WordPerfect Corporation had
no idea how to make a mouse system that made any sense, and
since there is nothing you can do with a mouse that you can't do
other ways, I'm not even going to mention the mouse again.



If you don't understand any section of this document, try
Appendix II.  There I have a set of Function Maps.  These are
step-by-step guides, broken down into a road map of what keys to
push, that will tell you how to execute any given function.  I
feel these maps will be invaluable to inexperienced computer
users.  They are the simplest guides to commands that you will
ever want to see.  If you see the phrase See Function Maps
anywhere in a section, it means that the way to execute that
function is explained in a simple, easy to use map.



By the way, this manual was created on WordPerfect, with a small
smattering of help from its companion program, DrawPerfect.
I'll try to highlight some of the best features of WordPerfect
as we go along.

Installing WordPerfect 5.1



The first thing that you need to do is install WordPerfect 5.1
onto your hard drive, which I assume you have.  If you do not
have a hard drive, I do not recommend WordPerfect at all,
because the constant changing of disks will drive you crazy.  If
you are on a computer that already has WordPerfect installed,
then you can skip this section.  Make sure that you have your
hardware manuals available, as WordPerfect will need to know
exactly what kind of computer system you are running on.



First of all, turn on the computer and the monitor.  (I will try
to be simple about the computer, but if you have any questions
about the computer itself you should consult your owner's
manual.)  After the computer finishes is self-start, you should
be at what is known as the DOS prompt.  This will resemble C>
although it might also have other characters as well.  (If your
computer is set up so that another piece of software is
automatically run when you turn on the computer, you will need
to exit out of it so that you can get to the DOS prompt.)  To
the right of the prompt is your cursor, a blinking line or block
that shows you where what you type is going to come up onto the
screen.  If the first letter of the prompt is something besides
"C", please type C: and hit the Enter key.  The first letter of
the prompt should now be "C".



You need approximately 4 megabytes of storage space on your hard
drive to install WordPerfect completely.  To make sure you have
4 megabytes available, type dir and hit Enter.  After a list of
files the computer will tell you at the very end how many bytes
free you have.  If that number is less than 4,000,000 you will
need to erase some programs off of your hard drive.



Along with WordPerfect 5.1 should have come 10 disks, each
separately labeled.  The size of the disks should correspond to
the size of the disk drive that you have.  Take out the disk
which has a label that has the word "Install", as well as a
number "1".  Put the disk into the disk drive in the main part
of the computer.  The disk goes into the disk drive with the
label on top of the disk and towards you.  Putting the disk into
the computer the wrong way could seriously damage your system.



The drive that you put the disk has a letter name, just like the
hard drive that you are using has the name "C".  Consult your
owner's manual if you do not know the name of the drive.  To
activate that drive, type the letter of the drive, followed
immediately by a colon, i.e. a:.  Then hit the Enter key.  You
have now activated the drive that the disk is in.  Now type the
word install and hit Enter.  The installation program will begin.



The installation program is one of the few things that is
straightforward about WordPerfect.  The program goes in a series
of easy-to-use menus, telling you exactly what to do and when.
When WordPerfect asks you about your hardware configuration,
consult your owner's manual to make sure that it has identified
your computer hardware correctly.  When it asks you what type of
installation you want to do, choose the basic, standard
configuration, not a customized one.  When the installation
program finishes, turn off the computer and turn it back on.Starting the Program



Now that you've got WordPerfect installed on your "C" drive, you
are ready to use it.  If your "C" drive is not activated already
(if the first letter of the prompt is not "C") change to the "C"
drive by typing c: and hitting Enter.  Now you need to change to
the directory on the "C" drive where the WordPerfect files are
being kept.  To do this, type cd\wp51 and hit Enter.  Now type
wp and hit Enter.  WordPerfect will boot up on your computer.
On the monitor you will see some welcome screens which will tell
you that WordPerfect 5.1 is loading.  (If you are working on a
computer system that has a menu on the screen, you simply need
to choose WordPerfect 5.1 from the menu.  Also, if you're using
someone else's computer system, you might need to have a disk in
one of the drives before WordPerfect will load properly.  Look
at the lights on the disk drives as the program is loading to
see if any lights go on to signify that WordPerfect is looking
for a disk in that drive.)



When the program is finished loading the screen will turn blue.
It will be completely blank, except for the very bottom line of
the screen.  On the bottom line of the screen, you will see this:





                                                 Doc 1 Pg 1 Ln
1"    Pos 1"



This line is called the status line.  When anything happens in
WordPerfect, this line will tell you exactly what it is.  On the
left of the line, which is momentarily blank, is the space that
the name of the file you are working on right now is kept.  On
the right is information about where in WordPerfect you are at
the moment.  Doc 1 means that you are in document number one,
because you can be working in two separate documents at the same
time.  Pg 1 means that the cursor is right now located on page
one of the current document.  Ln 1" means that your cursor is
now one inch from the top of the page.  (That one inch is
inserted automatically as the top margin of the page.)  Pos 1"
means that the cursor is located one inch from the left side of
the page.



    NOTE: WordPerfect is not a "what-you-see-is-what-you-get" word
processor.  A lot of word processors are made so that what you
see on the screen is exactly what you will get on the paper.
One inch on the screen will be one inch on your printout.  This
is not true with WordPerfect.  A lot of people find that having
the screen show a realistic depiction of what the paper will
look like is convenient.  I agree, but the main reason that
WordPerfect does not do this is for speed.  Realistic displays
slow down a word processor immensely, and WordPerfect is too
large and powerful to afford to lose any speed.



Using the Keyboard



Let's familiarize ourselves with the keyboard.  The main part of
the keyboard works exactly like a typewriter.  Try typing a few
letters and numbers.  They appear on the screen where the cursor
is.  Notice that as you type, the numbers down on the status
line change as well.  For every character you type, the Pos
number changes, since the cursor moves further from the left
side of the paper.  If you type so much that you move to another
line, the Ln number will change as well.



The Enter key acts as a carriage return on a typewriter does.
If you press this key, WordPerfect will automatically move the
cursor down to the beginning of the next line.  When you press
this key, it is called a Hard Return.  This is because you have
forced WordPerfect to move the cursor to the next line.  When
you type in WordPerfect, unlike on a typewriter, the cursor is
automatically moved to the next line when you get to the end of
a line.  Therefore the only time you need to hit the Enter key
is when you need to force a carriage return, such as at the end
of a paragraph.  As you experiment with the system you will
notice that WordPerfect will not split words in half at the end
of a line.  This is called word wrapping.  It means that if
WordPerfect runs out of room on one line and can not finish a
word, it will take the whole word and move it down to the next
line.  Word wrapping is the most important thing in making a
document look nice.



To erase characters, use the Backspace key which is located just
above the Enter key.  This will move the cursor back through the
text that you just typed, erasing characters as it goes.



The Tab key, located on the left side of the keyboard, does
exactly what a Tab key should.  Every time that you press it,
your cursor will move forward to the next Tab stop, which are
located half an inch apart.  If you try to use the Tab key, try
to erase the Tabs as well.  Notice that, even though more than
one space might have been written onto the screen when you
pressed the Tab key, WordPerfect knows the difference between a
Tab and a bunch of spaces, so the entire Tab will be erased if
you hit the Backspace key.



There are four arrow keys located somewhere on the keyboard.
These four arrow keys are what you use to move the cursor
around.  99.9% of the time you will find a set of arrow keys on
the 2, 4, 6, and 8 keys of the number pad.  (If you want to use
the numbers on the number pad instead of the arrows, you need to
hit the Num Lock key first.)  If there is another set of arrows
located to the left of the number pad, I suggest you use that
instead, because the number pad can be important to use.  The
arrow keys move the cursor in the direction of the arrow.
Experiment with these for a while until you become comfortable
with the movement of the cursor.



As on a typewriter, you will see two Shift keys located on the
keyboard.  You will also see a button marked Ctrl for Control,
and one or two marked Alt for Alternate.  These buttons are
frequently used in WordPerfect.  They are used just like the
Shift key, in that you need to hold one down, then press another
letter.  For example, if I ask you to press Alt-A, you would
press and hold the Alt button, then press the "A" key.



There are a few more keys that I want you to find on the
keyboard now for future reference.  The function keys are
between ten and twelve keys marked with an "F" and a number.
These function keys are usually in a line across the top of the
keyboard, but are sometimes in two columns on the far left side
of the keyboard.  If I want you to press one of these keys, I
will do so by naming the key's label, such as F1 or F12.  (The
F11 and F12 keys are not very important, so if you do not have
them don't panic.)



Please find the following keys on your keyboard: Esc - Escape;
Ins - Insert; Del - Delete; Home - Home; End - End; PgUp - Page
Up; PgDn - Page Down.  These are important keys which we will
get into later.





Help



There is an excellent Help function in WordPerfect.  Get into
help by pressing F3.  You will see a screen that will tell you
everything you need to know about using Help.  It is very well
made, and I use it often to refresh my memory about WordPerfect
commands.  If you are using a command and you hit F3, you will
automatically be placed in a screen telling you helpful
information about the command you are executing.









































ENTERING TEXT



Let's construct a small letter one step at a time.  On the
screen, this is what the final product will look like, give or
take some margins:



                                    UMass Medical Center

                                    55 Lake Avenue North

                                    Worcester, MA  01655



David Johnson

Widget Corp.

101 Main Street

New York, NY  10013



Dear David:



    Just a friendly reminder about our order of 300 widgets last
month.  You had said that they would be here within three weeks
of ordering, yet they have not arrived yet.  These widgets are
crucial to the project we are currently working on.  Please send
the order at your earliest possible convenience.  Thank you, and
if there are any problems please don't hesitate to call me.



                                    Sincerely,







                                    John Q. Public



For the address of the Medical Center, you should use the Tab
key to move the cursor towards the right side of the screen so
that you can have the address pushed over toward the right side
of the page.  Push the Tab key until the Pos number on the
status line reads 5.5".  After each line of the address, hit the
Enter key.  DO NOT USE THE SPACEBAR IN PLACE OF THE TAB KEY!
Get into the habit now of lining things up with the Tab key
instead of the Spacebar.  If you don't, you will come to regret
it later.



To skip a line, such as between the Medical Center's address and
David Johnson's address, just hit Enter.  Do not try to use the
Down-Arrow key to skip a line.  You can not move the cursor past
where you have finished typing text.  Type David's address flush
with the left side of the page, hitting Enter after each line.
When you get to the body of the document, do not hit Enter as
you get to the end of each line.  Remember, WordPerfect will
automatically move the cursor down to the next line.  You only
need to hit Enter when you finish the phrase, "please don't
hesitate to call me," since that is the end of a paragraph.



Editing Text



Moving the cursor around in the text is the most important part
of editing.  Try experimenting with moving the cursor some more.
 Notice that the cursor can not move to where text has not been
typed.



To delete text, you should move your cursor to the end of the
material that you want to delete, then press the Backspace key
until the text is gone.  For example, let's say you made a
mistake, and the letter should read "30 widgets" instead of "300
widgets".  Move the cursor to the space between the number "300"
and the word "widgets".  Now press the Backspace key once.  The
last "0" on the number disappears, and all of the text to the
right of the cursor moves one position to the left to fill in
the empty space.



The Backspace key deletes text that is to the left of the
cursor.  Well, there is another way to do it.  The Del key will
delete text underneath and to the right of the cursor.  Let's
say you suddenly recall that David said the widgets would be
here in four weeks instead of three.  Well, just move the cursor
to the first letter in the word "three".  Now hit the Del key
five times.  The word disappears.  As you can see, the Backspace
and Del keys complement each other, one deleting to the right
and the other deleting to the left.



Of course, now we need to insert the word "four".  Since the
cursor is already in position, you just need to type the word.
All of the other text will get pushed to the right.  What you
have just done is inserted text into the document.  You were
able to do this because WordPerfect was in insert mode.  In
insert mode, all of the text is pushed to the right as you type,
so that you don't type over anything.  The other mode is called,
appropriately enough, typeover mode.  In this mode, the text is
not pushed to the right as you type.  Instead, the text on the
screen is deleted as you type over it.  To change to the
typeover mode, press the Ins key.  Notice that when you do this,
the word typeover appears on the left side of the status line to
let you know that you are in that mode.  To change back to
insert mode, just hit the Ins key again.  Since the Ins key
switches WordPerfect back and forth between two functions, when
you hit the key it is known as toggling the mode.





Page Breaks



Move the cursor to the end of the document.  Hit the Enter key a
number of times and watch the Ln number grow as you get further
from the top of the page.  The default setting for the length of
the page is eleven inches, the standard paper size.  There is
also a one inch margin at the bottom of the page, so ten inches
is the maximum for the Ln number right now.  Keep hitting the
Enter button until the Ln number get to 10".  As you pass it,
some interesting things happen, most noticeably that a line of
dashes will appear across the screen.  Also, Ln will reset back
to 1" and the Pg number will increase to 2.  What just happened
was that, since WordPerfect passed the end of the first page, it
moved the cursor onto the second page.  The line of dashes is
there to show you the separation between the pages.  That
separation is known as a Soft Page break.



    NOTE: I will talk about things in WordPerfect being "soft" or
"hard" at times.  When something is "soft", it is something that
WordPerfect had to do for the good of the document.  When the
pages needed to be separated, WordPerfect put in a Soft Page
break.  In the body of the letter that you just wrote, when
WordPerfect automatically moved the cursor down to the beginning
of the next line on its own because you were going to run out of
space on that line, that is called a Soft Return.  You didn't
tell WordPerfect to cause a Return by hitting the Enter key,
WordPerfect did it on its own.  As I said, anything soft is for
the good of the document and can be moved around by WordPerfect
is the document needs them elsewhere.  When something is hard,
you yourself have told WordPerfect that you are putting
something there and that it shouldn't touch it.  Whenever you
hit the Enter key, that is a Hard Return because WordPerfect
can't erase it on its own, you must delete it yourself.



You can force a new page by inserting a Hard Page break.  You
can do this by hitting Ctrl-Enter.  When you type this
keystroke, a line of equal signs will appear across the screen
instead of a line of dashes to differentiate it from a Soft Page
break.  These Hard Page breaks can be deleted just like normal
characters.





More Cursor Movement



Now that you've seen what a second page looks like, you should
learn about some more keys on the keyboard.  The PgUp key will
move the cursor to the beginning of the previous page.  The PgDn
key will move the cursor to the beginning of the following page.
 The End key will move the cursor to the end of the line.



The Home key is a key with many functions.  On its own it does
nothing, because another key always has to be pressed afterward.
 Do not hold down the Home key as you press the next key.  Here
is a list the uses of the Home key.  (Please note that sometimes
the Home key has to be pressed twice.)



Home Left-Arrow - Cursor moves to the left of the screen.

Home Right-Arrow - Cursor moves to the right of the line.

Home Up-Arrow - Cursor moves to the top of the screen.

Home Down-Arrow - Cursor moves to the bottom of the screen.

Home Home Left-Arrow - Cursor moves to the beginning of the line.

Home Home Right-Arrow - Cursor moves to the end of the line.
(Same as End.)

Home Home Up-Arrow - Cursor moves to the beginning of the
document.

Home Home Down-Arrow - Cursor moves to the end of the document.The right side of the screen and the end of the line are not the
same thing.  Later on you'll find that lines can move off the
right end of the screen.  Also, Ctrl-Home will bring up the
words Go to in the status line.  If you type in a page number
here and hit Enter, the cursor will move to the page number you
requested.



Ctrl-Left-Arrow and Ctrl-Right-Arrow move the cursor left and
right one word at a time.  Also, the - and + keys on the number
pad will move the cursor 24 lines (one screen) up or down.
Please note that this will only work if the Num Lock is off.





Underlining and Boldface



There are a number of ways to make portions of your text stand
out, the two most common of which are underlining and boldface.
Let's say you want to underline the word "crucial" in the third
sentence.  Move the cursor up to the word crucial and erase it.
(There is a way to add effects to words already on the screen,
but we'll get into that later.)  Now hit the F8 key.  Notice
that when you hit this key, the numbers next to the Pos on the
status line change their style.  The style is different for
every computer system, but whatever style those numbers are in
means that you are now in underlining mode.  Now type the word
"crucial" again.  Notice that as you type it, the word on the
screen is in the same style as the numbers on the status line.
This will help you to know at a glance that the text is
underlined.  When you are through typing the word, hit F8 again
to get out of underlining mode.  The numbers on the status line
return to normal.  Now, depending on your type of screen the
word "crucial" probably does not look like it is underlined.
Well, it is, and that is how underlined words will appear on
your screen.  Like I said before, WordPerfect is not
"what-you-see-is-what-you-get", a lot of it you have to take on
faith.  Later, we'll be able to change the style of what
underlined words look like.



Right now your cursor should be on the space after the
underlined word "crucial" and the numbers next to the Pos on the
status line should tell you that you are out of underlining
mode.  Hit the left-arrow key once.  The cursor didn't move, did
it?  But if you look at the numbers on the status line, you will
see that you are now in underline mode again.  Why?  Well, as we
will see later, when WordPerfect tells a word or phrase to be
underlined it does so by inserting an invisible marker at the
beginning of the word which says, "Underline begins here."  At
the end of the word, it inserts another invisible marker which
says, "Underline ends here."  Anything between those two markers
is automatically underlined.  When you hit the left-arrow key
just now, you moved the cursor over the invisible marker at the
end of the word and back into the area of underlining.  Hit the
right-arrow key and the cursor will be moved back out of the
area of underlining.



What if you want the word "crucial" in boldface instead?  Well,
first of all you have to erase the word "crucial" again.  If you
hit the Backspace key once, a question will appear on the left
side of the status line: Delete [und]? No (Yes).  WordPerfect is
asking you whether or not you want to get rid of the underlining
zone.  Notice that the cursor is blinking under the letter "N"
in "No".  This means that if you simply hit Backspace again, the
cursor will skip over the underlining without erasing it.  You
need to hit the "Y" key in order to erase the underlining.



When you finish erasing the underlining and the word, hit the F6
key.  The numbers at the end of the status line will become
brighter to signify that WordPerfect is now in boldface mode.
Type the word "crucial" again, and you will see the word is
brighter as well.  To get out of boldface mode, press F6 again.
The rules for deleting boldface are the same as for deleting
underlining.



    NOTE: Function keys are used very often in WordPerfect, so much
so that only the most commonly used are easily remembered.  You
need a template that you can lay next to the function keys so
that you can remember what they are used for.  There is one
located in Appendix I.  Copy that page, then cut out the
template and tape it above your function keys to help you
remember what they are for.





Centering Text



Any single line of text can be centered so that it appears
directly in the middle of the line.  I only recommend doing this
with an entire line of text that begins with a Hard Return from
the previous line and ends with a Hard Return to the next line.
Therefore, the line of text should stand alone and should not be
part of any paragraph.



As I just said, you should start with the cursor at the
beginning of the line.  To go into centering mode, press
Shift-F6.  The cursor will jump to the middle of the line.  You
can now type in whatever text you want, and WordPerfect will
keep it in the center of the line.  When you are done typing the
line, you can simply press Enter to jump down to the next line,
and the previous line will stay centered.



You can also center text that you've already typed.  Simply move
the cursor to the beginning of the line and press Shift-F6.  For
example, let's say you want to center the line, "Dear David:".
Move the cursor to the beginning of the line.  Now hit Shift-F6.
 The line will automatically be centered.  To remove the
centering marker, simply press the Backspace key and the marker
will be erased.





Tabbing vs. Indenting



We have already seen what the Tab key does, it moves the cursor
to the next half-inch position on the line.  I also gave you a
warning to get in the habit of using the Tab key instead of the
space key.  Now I'll tell you why.  Right now, you are using a
font called Courier 10cpi.  While this might mean nothing to you
right now, the 10cpi part of the phrase means that there are
exactly 10 characters per inch, and that each character takes up
1/10th of an inch.  Now, from the beginning of a line, hitting
the Tab key will cause the cursor to move 1/2 an inch, which is
identical to five spaces.  So right now it would not matter
whether you used the Tab key or the Spacebar, since every
character is exactly 1/10th of an inch.



Later on, when you learn how to use other fonts, the habit of
using the Spacebar over the Tab key will become quite a problem.
 The nicest looking fonts are the proportional fonts.  In these
fonts, each character takes up a different amount of space.  I
am using a proportional font right now, and look at how much
thinner my i's are than my o's.  So now when you use the
Spacebar, the space takes up only 1/20th of an inch.  The Tab
key, however, keeps going at 1/2 inch intervals.  Therefore, if
you are going to line things up vertically in WordPerfect, you
need to always use the Tab key, not the Spacebar.



At the beginning of the paragraph in our letter, we put in a Tab
which moved the first line right half an inch, but left all the
other lines against the left margin.  The indent key, F4, will
move an entire paragraph right half an inch.  Move the cursor to
the beginning of the body of the letter and delete the sole Tab
we have there.  With your cursor at the beginning of the line,
press F4.  The entire paragraph is now indented half an inch.
If you were to hit F4 again, the paragraph would be indented one
whole inch.  The indenting zone goes from where you hit the F4
key to the next Hard Return.  Please delete any indents you put
in the letter.



    NOTE: Sometimes when you hit a key, you will not see the result
immediately.  For example, when you hit F4 you might not have
seen the paragraph move right away.  Just so that you won't
think WordPerfect has made a mistake, sometimes you need to move
the cursor down through the text that was supposed to be
affected in order to see the changes take place.  Also, hitting
Ctrl-F3 and choosing option 3 will rewrite the screen so that
you can see the changes.



Now that you've deleted the indents, the entire paragraph should
be flush against the left side of the screen and the cursor
should be at the beginning of the first line of the paragraph.
With the indent key we can also make hanging indents, such as
those used in a standard bibliography.  To do this, first hit
the F4 key to indent the paragraph.  Now, to bring only the
first line back to the left margin, hit Shift-Tab, the back-Tab
key.  Viola!  The paragraph will now have a hanging indent.
Please bring the text flush with the left margin again.  (See
Function Maps.)



Shift-F4 is very similar to F4, but it indents the paragraph
from both the left margin and the right margin half an inch.
Try it, then return the paragraph to the state at which it was
originally.



Editing Two Documents



WordPerfect allows you to have two different documents in memory
at the same time, which is the whole point of having the Doc
number on the status line.  To switch to the second document,
press Shift-F3, the Switch key.  The screen will clear and the
Doc number will change to 2.  The two documents are completely
separate, and nothing you do to one will affect the other.  To
switch back to the first document, press Shift-F3 again.  If you
want the two documents on the screen at the same time, press
Ctrl-F3 and choose option 1, Window.  You will be asked how many
lines should be in this window.  Notice that the number there is
24, because the editing screen, or "window" that you are
currently using takes up all 24 lines of the screen.  Type in 12
and hit Enter to split the screen in half.  Now the top half of
the screen will be Document 1 and the bottom half of the screen
will be Document 2.  Switch between them by pressing Shift-F3.





Reveal Codes



Every time you put something special into the document, such as
underlining or indenting, WordPerfect inserts an invisible
marker where the feature is supposed to happen.  With things
like underlining and indenting there are two markers, one to
turn the feature on and one to turn it off.  With other things,
like centering and indenting, WordPerfect only needs one marker
to turn them on, since they automatically turn off at a given
point.



The document would be fairly messy if you saw these markers all
the time, but sometimes it's important.  To reveal these
markers, or codes, press Alt-F3.  You can see that the screen is
split in two, the top half of which is your regular document,
and the bottom half of which is the document with all the codes
added.  Every time you move your cursor, it is moved in both
halves of the screen.  You might want to keep these codes
visible for most of the rest of your learning, as it will help
you to understand exactly what WordPerfect does when you press
certain keys.  The codes are easy to understand, but here is a
guide to those you have already used:



[UND] [und] - Turn underlining on and off.

[BOLD] [bold] - Turn boldface on and off.

[SRt], [HRt] - Soft Return, Hard Return.

[SPg], [HPg] - Soft Page break, Hard Page break.

[Tab] - Tab.

[Indent] - Indent from left margin.

[Indent] - Indent from left and right margins.



By the way, when you have the codes revealed WordPerfect will
automatically delete the codes if you Backspace or Del over them
without asking you first.  WordPerfect figures that since you
can now see the codes, you should know whether or not you want
to erase them.

DISK USAGE



Whenever you finish working on a file, you need to save it to a
disk so that you can recall it later.  In this section we will
work with manipulating files on the disk.





Listing Files



First of all, you need to have a formatted disk inserted in your
disk drive.  (If you don't have a formatted disk or don't know
how to format one, please ask someone for help.)  For now I will
assume that the drive is drive "A".  Hit the F5 button.  The
status line will look like this:





Dir C:\WP51\*.*                                  (Type = to
change default Dir)



This means that at the moment WordPerfect is looking for your
files on your "C" drive, your hard drive, in the directory
called WP51.  (If you're working on someone else's computer it's
possible the directory and drive might be different.)  This is
the default directory, which means that any time you save or
retrieve a file without specifying what drive or directory, the
default directory is where WordPerfect will go.



If you just wanted to look at the "A" drive you could type A:
and hit Enter twice.  (If you do this, make sure you have a disk
in the "A" drive.)  However, we want to change the default
directory to "A" as well.  Therefore, hit the = key first, then
type A: and hit Enter twice.  Your default directory is now "A".
 From now on if you want to list the files on the "A" drive
since "A" is the default directory, simply hit F5 twice.



The screen is going to clear, and you are going to see a mostly
blank screen with something that resembles this at the top:





01-01-80  12:35a            Directory: A:\*.*

Document Size:   13,321   Free:    362,268 Used:         0
Files:         0



 .    Current    <Dir>                  | ..    Parent     <Dir>




Up top you will see the date, time, current directory, size of
the current file, how much space there is left on the disk, how
much disk space is used, and how many files on the disk you
have.  You have no files since you haven't saved anything yet.
Press F1 to get back to your document.



    NOTE: The F1 key is the cancel key.  Hitting F1 will cancel
just about anything and get you back to the document, although
you might have to hit it more than once.  Use it whenever you
have to get out of a function.

Saving your Document



When you are in your document, press F10.  The status line will
read Document to be saved:.  Now type in the name of the file as
you want it saved, in eight letters or less.  For now, please
call the file EXAMPLE.  Then hit Enter.  After a few moments,
the document will be saved on the disk in the "A" drive.  If the
"A" drive had not been your default directory, you would have
had to precede the name with A:.





Manipulating Files



Press F5 twice to get a listing of the "A" drive again.  Now you
will see the file called EXAMPLE on the screen in the left
column.  This means that the file has been saved to disk and can
be retrieved again later.  If there were more than one file, you
would see that the files are organized alphabetically.



Notice that there is a shaded bar at the top of the left column.
 This is known as the selection bar, because the file that you
move the bar over is the file that you are going to select.
Practice moving the bar around with the cursor keys.



At the bottom of the screen are ten options that you can choose
from.  We are going to go through those one at a time.  Notice
that for each option, there are two characters in boldface.  For
example, the first option looks like this: 1 - Retrieve.  The
two shaded characters are "1" and "R".  This means that you can
choose the Retrieve option by pressing either "1" or "R".



1 - Retrieve - This will bring into memory the file that the
selection bar is currently over.  If you already have a file in
memory, as is the case now, WordPerfect will ask Retrieve into
current document?  If you hit "N", the procedure will be
aborted.  If you hit "Y", the file will be loaded into your
current document right where the cursor was when you went to
list the files.  This is a way that you can merge two documents
together.  (See Function Maps.)



2 - Delete - This will erase the currently selected file.  You
will be asked for confirmation before the file is erased, and
you will have to hit "Y" or "N".



3 - Move/Rename - This will allow you to rename the selected
file.  If you pressed this, you would see New name:  You would
then simply type in the new name of the file and it would be
changed.  (For experienced DOS users, if you had preceded the
name with a drive and directory, the file would be moved to that
directory.)



4 - Print - This will print the selected file to the default
printer.  I strongly discourage using this option, as you should
always load a file into memory first before you print it to
allow WordPerfect to do some formatting of the document.

5 - Short/Long Display - This is a useless feature of
WordPerfect 5.1, similar to the mouse functions.



6 - Look - This allows you to examine the selected file without
loading it into memory.  You can not edit or print a file that
you are looking at with this option.



7 - Other Directory - If you choose this option, a message will
appear on the status line similar to that which appears when you
press F5.  You can switch to another drive or directory with
this option by typing in the new directory name and hitting
Enter twice.  Please note that if you use this option, the
directory you choose automatically becomes the default directory.



8 - Copy - When you choose this option a message in the status
line will say Copy this file to:.  Enter the new name of the
file.  For example, if we wanted a new copy of the EXAMPLE file
called LETTER, we would type in LETTER and hit Enter.  You would
then have two identical files with different names, which is
handy if you want to edit a file while keeping a copy of the
original.  Notice that the new filename is not displayed yet.
This is because WordPerfect needs to re-read the disk in the "A"
drive.  Press 7 and hit Enter twice to have WordPerfect list all
the files on the "A" drive.  (For experienced DOS users, if you
had preceded the name with a drive and directory, the file would
be copied to that directory.)



N - Name Search - This can be useful if you have a lot of files
on one drive.  Hit the N key.  Now if you were to type any
letter, WordPerfect would move the selection bar to the first
file it found with that letter as its first letter.  For
example, if you hit "W" WordPerfect would go to the first file
to begin with a "W".  If you then hit "A", WordPerfect would
move to the first file that began with "WA".  Hit Enter to get
out of this mode.





Option 9 - Find



The 9th option, Find, is the most useful and complex of the ten
options.  What this does is to help you find a specific file
that you've forgotten the name of by narrowing down the number
of files that are displayed one step at a time.  If you press 9,
you will have a list of search types that you can perform, which
we will go through in a moment.  After you choose a search type,
you will be asked to type in a Word pattern.  This can be a
word, a phrase, or even a couple of letter that WordPerfect
should be looking for.  WordPerfect will scan all of the files,
and will then display all of the files that match the search you
just did.  You can then narrow down the field even further, and
keep doing so until you've figured out which file it is.  (See
Function Maps.)



1 - Name - This will search the names of all the files.



2 - Doc Summary - This will search all of the document summaries
of all the files, something we have not gotten into yet.



3 - First Pg - This will search the first page of every file.



4 - Entire Doc - This will search the whole of every file.



5 - Conditions - Specify what conditions a file must meet to be
searched.  This is pretty much a useless option.  The only thing
I like about it is the third option on the Conditions menu,
which allows you to chose the creation dates of the files that
you want to search, which is useful if you know around what date
you created the file.



6 - Undo - This will undo the last search performed.





Exiting WordPerfect



While you are in your document, you can exit out of WordPerfect
by hitting F7.  When you press this key, a message on the left
of the document will say Save Document (Y/N).  A display on the
right side of the status line will tell you whether or not you
have changed the text at all since you last saved the file.  If
you press "Y", you will be asked for the name of the file to
save it under.  Press Enter if you want to save it under the
name that you last used.  After you save the file, or tell
WordPerfect that you do not want to save the file, you will be
asked whether or not you want to exit WordPerfect.  If you do,
you will be returned to DOS.  If you do not, you will be sent
back to a blank screen.  Press F1 if you wish to go back to
editing the document.





































DOCUMENT FORMATTING



There are a number of ways to change the appearance of your
document.  These are on a menu you can get to by hitting
Shift-F8.  There are four options to choose from, Line, Page,
Document, and Other.  We will go through these one at a time.



First of all, press 1 to see the Line menu.





Hyphenation



The first choice in the Line menu is Hyphenation.  If you press
1 you will be able to choose whether you want hyphenation by
pressing "Y" or "N".  If you turn on hyphenation, words at the
ends of lines will be broken into two with a hyphen.  I never
recommend using this feature, because it makes WordPerfect go
much slower, looks lousy, and causes too many headaches.  Please
remember that, for almost all of these features mentioned in
this section, they will only begin in the document where your
cursor was when you chose the option.  So if you turn
hyphenation on, the cursor should be at the beginning of the
document so that you will have hyphenation for the entire
document.



The Hyphenation Zone, option 2, is a rather strange thing and
hard to explain, so I won't do anything but to say this: The
smaller the numbers are, the more that hyphenation is used.





Justification



Justification is how the lines of a document are aligned.
Standard letters are left-justified, which means that all of the
lines are aligned with the left margin.  If you choose the
Justification option, number 3, you will have four types of
justification to choose from: Left, Center, Right, and Full.  I
just told you what Left is.  If you choose Center, all of the
lines in the document will be centered.  Right, of course, will
vertically align all of the lines with the right margin.  Full
justification is the default mode.  This will align the lines to
both the left and right margins, as this document is.  Full
justification looks really nice when you're using proportional
fonts, but lousy if you're using a standard font like you are
now.  With non-proportional fonts I recommend left
justification.  In fact, let's make this document left
justified.  Get back to the document by hitting F1 a couple of
times, then move the cursor to the very top of the document.
Now go back and choose left justification.  (See Function Maps.)



Line Height



Option 4, Line Height, is how you choose how much space there is
between lines.  (This is not the same as Option 6, Line Spacing,
where you choose single, double, or triple spacing.)  If you
choose this option you will be presented with two choices,
Manual and Auto.  Auto is the default and is always recommended.
 With Auto Line Height, the height of the lines will change as
the font gets bigger or smaller.  If there comes a circumstance
where you really need to make you're own line height, simply
choose the Manual option and enter the line height that you want.





Line Numbering



Often documents need to have their lines numbered, as in many
plays or government documents.  With the Line Numbering option,
number 5, you can choose to have your lines numbered.  Press 5
and hit "Y" to turn line numbering on.  You will then be
presented with a menu of five more choices.  The first one tells
WordPerfect whether or not to count blank lines.  The second is
the interval at which to put line numbers.  The default is 1,
which means a line number will be printed on every line, but you
can change it so that a number is printed every 2, 5, 10, etc.
lines.  The third option decides how far in from the left edge
of the paper (not the left margin) you want the number printed.
The fourth option lets you decide what number you want the
numbering to begin at.  The fifth option lets you choose whether
you want to restart the numbering on every page, or whether you
want the numbers to keep on going.





Line Spacing



Option 6, Line Spacing, lets you choose what spacing you want.
The default is 1, which means single spacing.  You can choose 2
or 3 for double or triple spacing.  Actually, you can choose
just about any number, such as 1.5 or 3.14 for different shades
of spacing.  Sometimes in this mini-manual I ask WordPerfect to
use .96 spacing so that I can fit all the text onto one page.
(See Function Maps.)





Left and Right Margins



Option 7 will let you decide what margins you want on the left
and the right sides of the paper.  The default is one inch each.
 When you choose option 7, simply enter the number of inches you
want the left margin to be.  Hit Enter, then enter the number of
inches in the right margin.  (Note: If your measurements are not
set on inches, please hit the following keys from the editing
screen: Shift-F1, 3, 8, 1, ", 2, ", Enter, Enter, Enter.
WordPerfect is now set to inches.)  (See Function Maps.)Tab Stops



As I have said, Tab stops are set every half an inch.  However,
these can be changed with option 8.  There are a number of
options associated with making Tab stops.



When you choose option 8 you will see a line of periods at the
bottom of the screen.  Below the line are measurements and above
the line are L's.  These L's are spaced every half of an inch.
What an L means is that when you hit Tab, the text you type will
come after the Tab stop, i.e. the Tab stop will be on the left
side of the text.  This is what we consider a normal Tab stop,
but there are other kinds as well.  A C will put the Tab stop in
the middle of the text, so that the text will be centered around
the Tab stop.  An R will align the text so that the Tab stop is
on the right of the text - the text will move out to the left of
the Tab stop.  A D will align the characters to the first period
or decimal point that you type, which is very handy if you're
trying to line up sums of money.



By pressing "T" you get to choose what type of Tabs you are
going to have, Absolute or Relative to Margin.  The default is
Relative to Margin, which means that the measurements of the Tab
stops are calculated after the left margin.  As the left margin
moves, so do the Tab stops.  If you don't want the Tab stops to
move as the left margin moves, choose Relative to Margin.



To clear all of the Tab stops, hit Ctrl-End.  To delete a single
Tab stop, move the cursor over it and press the Delete key.  To
insert a Tab stop, press the appropriate letter to signify the
type of Tab stop that you would like.  To keep the changes that
you have made, press F7.  To throw out the changes, press F1.



    NOTE: In the lower right hand corner of the Tab stop screen you
can see the words, "Press Exit when done."  Well, if you look on
your template, you will see that the exit key is F7.  Often the
WordPerfect instructions will call a key by its function, not by
its name.  For example, if you saw something saying, "Hit
Cancel," you would press F1, since the template says that F1 is
the Cancel button.





Widow/Orphan Protection



A widow is when the first line of a paragraph is placed at the
end of a page while the rest of paragraph is on the next page.
An orphan is when the last line of a paragraph is placed at the
beginning of a page, while the rest of the paragraph is on the
previous page.  Both of these look extremely sloppy.  By
choosing option 9 and pressing "Y", you can eliminate widows and
orphans caused by Soft Page breaks.  WordPerfect will move the
Soft Page breaks around so that you will not get either of
these.  Note: This will not protect them from Hard Page breaks.



Now move on to option 2 from the main menu, Page.Center Page



By choosing the Center Page option, option 1, and hitting "Y" to
turn it on, the page that the cursor was resting on at the time
of choosing will be centered vertically, so that there is the
same amount of space above and below the text.





Force Odd/Even Page



Option 2, Force Odd/Even Page, has a few obscure uses, none of
which I have run into.  There are a couple of options that we
will run into later that treat odd and even pages differently,
such as when you are setting up the document to be bound.  If
you choose this option, you will be asked whether you want to
force an odd or an even page.  WordPerfect will make sure that
the page the cursor was on will be that type page by inserting a
Soft Page break if necessary.





Headers and Footers



Options 3 and 4, Headers and Footers, are very useful.  Often
people want to put the same information at the top or bottom of
each page, such as their name and the date.  You can enter text
into a header or a footer and that text will be inserted on
every page, moving the upper or lower boundaries of the page to
accommodate them.  Setting up headers and footers use the same
process, so I will only deal with setting up headers.



Choose option 3.  You can set up two different headers (so that
you can put one on even pages and one on odd pages), so you will
have a choice of Header A or Header B.  When you choose a
header, you will then be given five choices: 1 - Discontinue, 2
- Every Page, 3 - Odd Pages, 4 - Even Pages, 5 - Edit.  Choose
option 1 if you want to stop printing a header that you have
already created.  Choose option 5 if you want to edit a header
that you have already created.  Choose option 2, 3, or 4 to
decide which pages you want the header printed on.



Now the screen will go blank and you can type in whatever text
you want in the header, in whatever style you'd like.  If you
want to insert a page number into the header, do so by pressing
Ctrl-B, which will appear on the screen as ^B.  When you are
done typing in text, press F7.  The header will now be printed
on the pages you chose following the page on which the cursor
was resting when you chose the option.  (See Function Maps.)





Top/Bottom Margins



The top and bottom margins, option 5, are chosen by the same
manner as the left and right margins.  (See Function Maps.)Page Numbering



Option 6 is the Page Numbering option.  When you press 6, you
will have a menu of four choices.  Option 1 lets you choose a
new page number for the page that the cursor was resting on.
This is so that your page number one does not have to be your
first page.  Option 2 lets you choose how the page number looks.
 In this option, press Ctrl-B where you want the page number
printed, which will appear on the screen as ^B.  For example,
typing - ^B - for the style would make your page numbers look
like - 1 -.



Option 3 will insert a page number into the document wherever
the cursor is.  Option 4 lets you choose the location of the
page number.  When you press 4, you are given a graphic
depiction of some pages with some numerals on them.  Those
numerals correspond to where the page number will be printed.
For example, I print my page numbers on the bottom center of
each page, so I chose number 6.  If you wanted the page numbers
on the upper left corner for the even pages and the upper right
corner for the odd pages, you would choose number 4.  Number 9
lets you turn the page numbering off.  As a default, there is no
page numbering when you first begin a document.  (See Function
Maps.)





Paper Size/Type



This option, number 7, lets you choose what kind of paper you
are going to use.  The default is 8 1/2" x 11" paper in Portrait
orientation.  (Portrait orientation is how you normally hold a
piece of paper, and Landscape orientation is when the paper is
turned on its side, so that it is wider than it is long.)  The
other types of paper you can choose from are listed.  Move the
selection bar over a type of paper and press 1 to select it.
When we get to choosing a printer later on in the manual, the
types of paper available to you might change.  If you want help
on adding or editing types of paper, I strongly recommend you
use the help function by pressing F3.  There is too much
information there for me to cover in this manual.  (See Function
Maps.)





Suppress



Option 8, Suppress, lets you cancel the headers, footers, and
page numbers for the page that cursor is resting on.  When you
choose this option you will get a menu of eight choices.  Option
1 will suppress all page numbers, headers, and footers for that
page.  Option 2 will suppress headers and footers but will allow
the page number to be printed.  If option 3 has a "Yes" next to
it the page number will be printed at the bottom center of the
page, even if the standard page numbering has been suppressed.
If you want to suppress only certain things, choose options 4-8.



Now go to the third option on the main menu, Document.
Completely ignore the first three options on the menu.  The
first one is completely unimportant and the second and third
ones are more easily accessible from other places in
WordPerfect, which we will get to later.





Redline Method



Redlining is another method of having text stand out.  We will
get to how to do redlining later on.  With color printers,
redlining usually means that you will get a red underlining for
the phrase you want redlined.  However, most of us do not have
color printers, and therefore need another method.  Choose
option 4 and you will be given three choices.  Option 1, Printer
Dependent, is the default and should be chosen only if you have
a color printer.  Option 2, Left, tells WordPerfect that you
want a certain character placed on the left side of each line
that you have redlined.  You will then be given the opportunity
to choose that character.  Option 3, Alternating, lets you place
the character on the left on even pages and the right on odd
pages.





Document Summary



Option 5, Document Summary, lets you create some information
about the document.  This information is never printed, it is
solely for your own good.  I've never found anyone that actually
used the Document Summary, but I suppose there have to be a few
of you.  Creating one is very straightforward, but if you need
help then choose the Document Summary option and press F3 for
help.





Other Options



I am quickly going to go over the options available to you in
the fourth option of the main menu, Other.  If you have any
questions regarding any of these options, consult the Help
feature.



Advance lets you move the printing position a certain distance
from where the cursor is.  This is useful for printing forms,
although I still prefer a typewriter.  If you choose left,
right, up, or down, you will be prompted for a number of inches.
 The printing position of the characters which come after this
command will begin that number of inches in the specified
direction from where the cursor was.  If you choose the line
option, you can specify how far down the page from the top edge
of the paper the printing should begin, and if you chose the
position option you can specify how far along the line from the
left edge of the paper the printing should begin.



Conditional End of Page is a command that lets you keep a
certain number of lines together.  After you choose this option
you will be prompted for a number of lines.  However many lines
you choose after the cursor will then not be separated by a Soft
Page break.



Decimal Align Character lets you choose what character will be
aligned if you create decimal Tab stops.  The default is a
period.  The Thousands Separator tells WordPerfect what
separates each three digits in a number for the Math functions,
the default of which is a comma.



Language lets you choose what language you want to work in.



Overstrike lets you choose between two and a handful of
characters that you want printed over each other.  This can be
useful if you want to show a word being visibly X'd out,
although you would have to choose this option for every letter
of the word.  (See Strikeout.)



Printer Functions has a number of sub-commands.  Kerning tells
WordPerfect whether to decrease the amount of white space
between letters, which helps compress the text and makes full
justification with non-proportional fonts look nicer.  Printer
Command lets you send a specific set of characters that you got
from your printer's manual directly to the printer, which can
cause the printer to utilize a feature that WordPerfect doesn't
have.  Word and Letter Spacing lets you define how much space
will be between words and letters.  Justification Limits allows
you to define how much of a line should be filled before it is
justified.  Baseline Placement is for typesetters to determine
exactly where the baseline should be printed.  Leading
Adjustment determines how much space should be put in between
lines with a Soft Return and a Hard Return.



Underline lets you decide whether or not the underlining feature
will underline spaces or Tabs.  The default is that WordPerfect
will underline spaces but not Tabs.



Border Options lets you determine what kind of a border you are
going to have around graphics that you have inserted into your
document.

























CHANGING THE ENVIRONMENT



There are a number of ways to make WordPerfect more comfortable
to use, which I will detail to you now.  All of these options
are available with Setup, which is Shift-F1.  If you press this
key, you will see the main Setup menu.



The Display



Option 2 from the main menu, Display, will bring you to a list
of five options that you can choose to make your display more
suited to your needs.  The first option from this menu,
Colors/Fonts/Attributes, lets you choose how WordPerfect is
going to display the special features on the screen.  When you
choose this option, what will come up onto your screen is going
to depend completely on what type of monitor you have.  You will
either be given a list of six choices or a chart.  What we want
to get to is the chart.  If you have the menu of six choices
instead, press 1.  The chart that is now on the screen lists how
each style of typing is going to be displayed on the screen, and
the type of chart will vary with the kind of monitor you have.
On the left side of the chart is a list of all the styles that
WordPerfect will display, and on the right is an example of how
it will be displayed.  If you have a monochrome monitor, four
columns of options will be displayed in the middle of the screen
that you can turn on or off by moving the cursor down to the
option and pressing "Y" or "N".  The different combinations of
these options will allow you to tailor the styles to what suits
you.  If you have a color monitor, you will be able to choose
the foreground and background colors of each style by moving the
cursor down to the option and pressing the appropriate letter
for the color you want.  A list of the letters and what colors
they correspond to is given at the top of the screen.  When you
are through selecting the styles, press F7.  All of the changes
that you made will be saved as the default from now on.



Options 2 and 3 on the Display menu will let you choose the
Graphics Screen Type and the Text Screen Type.  These you will
probably never have to change, since you selected what type of
monitor you have when you installed WordPerfect.  However, if
you get a new monitor you can select either one of these options
and have a list of available monitors displayed for you.  Move
the selection bar over one of these monitors and press 1 to
select that monitor.



I suggest you skip option 4, Menu Options, since that is almost
completely for the mouse, which we are not using anyway.



Option 5, View Document Options, lets you choose what the screen
will look like when you are viewing a document.  Viewing is a
feature that lets you see what your document is going to look
like when printed before you actually print it, and we will get
into that later.  There are three options that you can choose
from as you can see.  The first two options discuss whether the
text should be in black and white, and I suggest you keep these
both on Yes.  Viewing a document looks nicer in black and white.
 The third one about boldface can be changed to No.  Setting
this to No will allow viewing the document do display boldface
in wide letters.Option 6, Edit-Screen Options, will bring you to a list of seven
more options that will affect the document-editing screen.
Automatically Format and Rewrite is important to keep at Yes,
since this will give you a better idea of how the document will
look.  Comments Display will let you choose if you want your
comments displayed, which you will learn more about later.
Filename on the Status Line will choose whether or not the name
of the file should be displayed in the lower left corner of the
screen.  You can add in a Hard Return Display Character so that
you always know which Returns are soft and which are hard.  If
you choose Ctrl-Enter for this option, a square block will
become the Hard Return character, which I prefer to use.  Merge
Codes Display will let you decide whether the merge codes, which
you will learn about later, will be displayed on the screen.
Reveal Codes Window Size lets you decide how big the bottom
window will be when you reveal the markers with the Alt-F3 key.
The default is usually 5, but I like to keep mine a little
larger, at about 10 or 12.  Side-by-side Columns Display will
let you decide whether or not to display the columns like they
would appear on the paper if you are in column mode.  I like
having this one set at No, but that is a personal preference.





Environment Controls



The third option on the main menu is Environment Controls, which
will let you change some of the operating procedures of
WordPerfect.  If you choose this option, you will be given eight
more options.



Option 1, Backup Options, is crucial for all computer users to
set to their own preference.  When you press this, you will see
a screen detailing the two types of backups that WordPerfect
does.  The first one is a timed backup which saves a copy of the
file you are currently working on to the C:\WP51 directory every
specified number of minutes.  You can choose whether you want
these backups or not, and how long of an interval you want
between them.  When I was writing this manual, I had timed
backups every five minutes because I didn't want to risk my
computer crashing, which it did a couple of times.  If you have
to reboot the system, when WordPerfect is loaded it will tell
you that there is an old backup file, and do you want to delete
or rename it.  Choose the Rename option, and type in a short
name for the file.  The file will be saved in the C:\WP51
directory which you can then retrieve.  This is a lifesaver of a
function, don't be without it.  The only disadvantage is a small
wait whenever WordPerfect saves the backup copy.  (See Function
Maps.)



The second backup is a backup of the original when a new copy of
a file is saved.  I never use this feature but most people do.
If you edit a file and then save the file to disk, the previous
version of the file will be saved with a .BK! extension.  For
example, our file EXAMPLE would be changed to EXAMPLE.BK!.  You
can not change or edit a .BK! file, but you can delete them or
rename them so that you can edit them.  The biggest reason I
don't like this option is that every file is saved twice, in
essence, meaning that each file is taking up twice as much room
as it has to.



Option 2, Beep Options, lets you choose if you want a beep
sounded on errors, hyphenations, or search failures.  Turn all
of them Off, believe me.  That beeping is most annoying thing
WordPerfect Corporation ever invented.



Option 3, Cursor Speed, lets you choose the speed of the cursor
in terms of characters per second.  In my opinion, the faster
the cursor is the faster your editing is, so I always set it to
the maximum number, which is 50 characters per second.  This is
a relative timing, however, because a model XT computer is going
to go a lot slower than a model 386 computer.



Option 4, Document Summary/Management, can be almost completely
ignored.  If you are really into writing document summaries, and
I have never met anyone who is, look through the Help feature on
this option.



Option 5, Fast Save, is an option which will cut down on the
time it takes WordPerfect to save a file.  However, if the
option is off, the size of the file will be decreased since
WordPerfect will be able to compress the file as it saves it.  I
recommend having it set to No.



Don't change option 6, since external rules are necessary 99.99%
of the time, and I hope that you are not going to use
hyphenation anyway.  Likewise option 7.



Option 8, Units of Measure, lets you change what WordPerfect
measures and displays your document in.  The default is inches,
but a lot of people use centimeters as well.  (In this manual I
only talk about inches, sorry.)  Notice that there are two
things you can change the measurement settings for.  I recommend
that you keep the same type of measurement for both of these
settings, since it often gets confusing to look at two different
types of measurements.  You can also set the measurement to
points, which is the size of a printed "pixel", or to 1200th's
of an inch, which I can't imagine anyone wanting to stare at.





Initial Settings



The fourth option from the main menu lets you choose the Initial
Settings for any WordPerfect document that you start up.  If
there is a favorite font you have, or a specific set of margins
and justification that you like to have on every document you
create, you can use this option to list all of the codes that
you want at the beginning of each and every document.  There are
also some other things that you can set in here.  When you
choose the Initial Settings option, you will be given a list of
eight options.  Ignore options 1, 3, 6, and 7 completely.



Option 2, Date Format, lets you decide how you want the date
printed if you ask it to be in your document.  If you choose
this option, you will be given a very self-explanatory screen on
how to set your date code to your preference.  Please know that
most of the world considers us very strange for writing June 27,
1991.  Most places you will see 27 June 1991 and 27/5/91,
smallest to biggest like it should be.Option 4 lets you decide whether you want to format documents
for the default printer.  Let's say that you write a document on
your computer, but then edit it on someone else's.  If this
option is on and the printer that you had selected for your
computer does not match the default printer for the other
computer, your document will be altered to fit the
specifications of the new computer.  I like having this one On.



Option 5 is the biggie which lets you create the initial
markers.  If you choose the Initial Codes option the screen will
turn into what should be familiar to you as the Reveal Codes
screen.  You can now do most of the things that you are able to
do in the editing screen.  You can define any of the fonts
(which we will learn later), set the margins and the
justifications, set your page numbering, and just about anything
else.  The codes will now be at the beginning of every document
you create.  Hit F7 when you are done typing the codes.  (See
Function Maps.)



Lastly, option 8, Print Options, lets you choose some of the
important characteristics for WordPerfect's printing ability.
The options on this screen will become the defaults for every
document you create from now on.  These options are rather
self-explanatory, but I will discuss them later as we get into
the specific functions that each option deals with.





File Locations



WordPerfect has many files that it needs to save throughout the
course of editing your document.  If you choose option 6,
Location of Files, you can define what directories these files
will be saved in.  For the Backup Files I have a sub-directory
of WP51 called DOCS where I save all the backups, so I put in
C:\WP51\DOCS.  The macros, which we will discuss later, are best
saved in C:\WP51.  Options 3, 4, 5 are best left to the
defaults, since the default directories will correspond to the
way WordPerfect installed itself on your hard drive.  The
Graphic Files setting is completely up to you.  Some people have
a separate graphics sub-directory, but remember that WordPerfect
puts all of its pre-made graphics in the C:\WP51 directory.  The
Documents I always change to whatever floppy disk I like to use
most, since this will become the basic default directory.
Please note that if you change this setting to a floppy disk you
must have a disk in the drive whenever you start up WordPerfect.





















SPELLING/THESAURUS



WordPerfect has a very large Dictionary and Thesaurus available
to it.  The abilities of both of these programs are phenomenal,
and you should definitely use them for all they are worth.





Spell Checking



To spell check a document, press Ctrl-F2.  You will be presented
with six options.  Option 6, Count, will count all the words in
the document without going through spell checking.  Option 5,
Look Up, will ask you to type in a word that you think is
misspelled and give you some choices of different spellings.  If
you have purchased and installed a supplementary dictionary that
you wish to use in addition to the main one, Option 4 will let
you tell WordPerfect the name and location of that dictionary.
Options 3, 2, and 1 let you spell check the word the cursor is
resting on, the page the cursor is resting on, or the whole
document.



All of the first three options work exactly the same way, so I
will just assume you have chosen to spell check the entire
document.  WordPerfect will go back to the beginning of the
document and start searching for things that the program tells
it are wrong.  If WordPerfect comes upon a word that it believes
is misspelled, it will highlight the word.  Below the word it
will list all of the options that it has found that might be
correct for that word.  (If there are two many possible new
spellings to fit on one screen, you will have to press Enter to
see another screenful.)  If you see the correct spelling of the
word in the list, press the capital letter which is next to that
word and the word will be replaced.  WordPerfect will then go on
to find the next incorrect word.  (See Function Maps.)



There are six other options at the bottom of the screen when
WordPerfect finds a misspelled word.  Option 1, Skip Once, will
tell WordPerfect that you don't want this word corrected, but if
it finds the word again you want to be notified.  Option 2,
Skip, will skip this word every time it finds it in the
document.  Option 3, Add, will add that word to your personal
dictionary, which is saved on the hard disk and used every time
you use the spell checker.  Option 4, Edit, will briefly return
the cursor to the document so that you can change the mistake if
you don't find the correct word on the list.  Press F7 when you
are done editing.  Option 6, Ignore Numbers, will tell
WordPerfect not to see correct words with numbers at the
beginning or the end of the word as misspelled.  (For example,
with the Ignore Numbers feature on, program12 and 78push would
both be looked at as correct words.)  You can cancel spell
checking at any time by hitting F1.



Very rarely in a language does a word occur twice in a row, so
WordPerfect is programmed to look for this.  If WordPerfect
finds double words it will highlight them and give you four
options, numbered 2-5 for some reason.  Option 2 will skip this
occurrence of double words.  Option 3 will delete the second
word.  Option 4 will let you edit the document, and option 5
will prevent WordPerfect from looking for double words.



A new feature in WordPerfect 5.1 is the ability to look for
strange casing, upper and lowercase letters that don't fit the
norm.  If it finds a word with strange casing, you will have
four options, numbered 2-5 again.  Option 2 will skip the word.
Option 3 will replace the word with whatever WordPerfect has in
its dictionary as the correct casing for the word.  Option 4
will let you edit the document, and option 5 will disable the
case checking.





Thesaurus



The electronic Thesaurus on WordPerfect is very well
constructed.  Put your cursor over the word that you want to
change.  Now hit Alt-F1.  WordPerfect will display all of the
synonyms for the word that you chose, as well a few antonyms if
it has any on file.  Notice that there are three columns on the
screen.  This is so that you can view three separate sets of
synonyms at a time.  The synonyms of the word you chose occupy
the first column, and there is a capital letter next to each
word.  To the left of some of the words there is a small dot,
called a bullet.  If there is a bullet next to the word it means
that you can look up the synonyms to that word as well.  To look
up a new list of synonyms, press the letter that appears next to
the word with a bullet next to it.  In the second column will
appear the new list of synonyms.  You can move back and forth
between these lists with the left- and right-arrow keys.  If you
want to look up a word that is not on the list, choose option 3.
 You will then be asked to type in the word that you want to
look up.  If you want to clear a column, choose option 4 at the
bottom of the screen and the column that you are currently on
will be erased.



To go back into the document and look at some text, choose
option 2.  You will then be able to move around the document at
will.  When you are ready to go back to the Thesaurus, press F7.
 To replace the document word with a word in the list, choose
option 1.  You will then be asked to press the letter next to
the word you want to replace it with.  The word will be replaced
and you will be returned to your document.  To leave the
Thesaurus at any time, press F1.  (See Function Maps.)

























PRINTING A FILE



Shift-F7 will get you into the print options.  When you press
this key, you will be greeted with a menu of seven choices and
some options in the lower half of the screen.



Options 1, 2, 3, and 5 will all print a file to the selected
printer.  Option 1 will print the entire document.  Option 2
will print only the page that the cursor is resting on.  Option
3 will print a file on the disk.  If you choose this option you
will be asked for the name of the document.  (As I have said
before in the DISK USAGE section, I do not recommend printing a
file that is not in memory.)  Option 5 will let you define a
range of pages that you want to print.  If you choose option 5,
you will be asked to type the beginning and ending pages
separated by a dash, i.e. 3-17.



When you print a file, be sure that your printer is On Line.  As
long as you have the right printer selected (see Printer Options
below) your printer should have no problem handling the document.





Control Printer



While a document is being printed there are some functions of
the printer that you can control.  From the Printer menu press 4
to see the Control Printer options.  A screen will come up that
displays information about the current print "job", which means
the document that is being printed.  Listed below this are the
other print jobs which are waiting to go to the printer.  The
reason that you can view this screen is because when WordPerfect
prints something, it portions off a small section of the
computer's memory to just deal with printing the document.
While WordPerfect is dealing with printing a file, you can go
back into the editing mode and work with your document.  Or, by
pressing Shift-F3 and switching to Doc 2, you can load in and
edit another document.  You can not exit out of WordPerfect or
the document that is being printed while printing is going on.
Also, notice that the printer will slow down your editing, and
your editing will also slow down the printer.  If you try to
print another document while a file is being printed the file
will be put on the list of print jobs and will be printed after
the current document is finished printing.



At the bottom of the screen there are five options.  Option 1
lets you cancel the current job or any job that is on the list.
Option 2 lets you take a file that is on the list of waiting
print jobs and change it to first on the list so that it will be
printed next.  Option 3 lets you display the jobs waiting to be
printed if the list is so long as to go off the screen.  Options
4 and 5 let you stop a file currently being printed, then resume
printing.



View Document



Option 6 from the main menu, View Document, is what makes
WordPerfect worth the aggravation.  By choosing this option, you
will be able to look at your document exactly as it will appear
when you print it.  (This option will not work if you do not
have a monitor and a driver which is capable of supporting
graphics.)  The page which will appear on the screen is the page
that your cursor is currently resting on.



You can change pages by the PgUp, PgDn, Ctrl-Home, and all other
keys that normally move you around in a document.  The arrow
keys will also work, but you must be zoomed in on a page for
them to be of any use.  Notice at the bottom of the screen are
four options.  You are currently seeing the third option, Full
Page.  Option 4 will show you the facing pages as if you were
looking at the document like a book.  Option 1 will display the
page at 100% its actual size, so that the paper on the screen
will be the same size as the paper from the printer.  Remember
that when you zoom in not all of the page can fit on the screen
at one time.  Option 2, 200%, will let you look close up at the
document.  Press F1 when you are finished viewing your document.
 (See Function Maps.)





Printer Options



At the bottom of the main menu are some printing options that
you can set for the current document.  These settings will be
saved with your document.  If you notice, these are the same
options we saw when we were in the menu from Shift-F1, 4 -
Initial Settings, 8 - Print Options.  If you change any of these
settings on that menu instead of this one, those settings will
be accepted as the defaults for any future document.



Select Printer lets you choose what type of printer you have.
If you choose this option you will see a list of all of the
printers you have selected.  Move the selection bar and press 1
to choose a different printer.  To get a list of the other
printers that WordPerfect supports, press 2.  To edit the
settings of a printer, to change the printer port, or to tell
WordPerfect that you have bought some cartridges for the
printer, press 3.  To get information about any specific
printer, press 6.  If you have bought new internal fonts for the
printer or changed something else inside of it, press 7 to
update the printer file.



Binding Offset is for those people who want to print documents
with facing pages.  Whatever measurement you choose for this
option, the text on the page will be shifted that much to the
left on even-numbered pages and that much to the right on
odd-numbered pages.  This facilitates binding a document.



Number of Copies had better be obvious.



Multiple Copies can be generated either by WordPerfect or by the
printer.  All this means is, "When the job is finished printing
once, does WordPerfect or the printer get the job of doing it
over again?"  If the document is very short you can select that
the printer does it so that WordPerfect won't have to spend its
time making many copies, but if the document is of any real
length then the printer won't have enough memory to handle it.
It's best to keep this option on WordPerfect.



Text Quality and Graphics Quality each have four options
available to them: Do Not Print, Draft, Medium, and High.  The
better the quality, the longer it takes to print.  If you're
printing a rough draft of a document, just keep the settings at
Draft as well.













CHANGING FONTS AND STYLES



There are many ways to make your text look different.  We have
already examined the two most common ones, underlining and
boldface.  Let's take a look at all the rest.  If you press
Ctrl-F8 you will see the options available to you.



Size



You can change the size of your print to seven different levels.
 Press 1 from the main menu to see the sizes available to you.
Each one of these operates just like boldface and underlining.
When you turn the style on a marker is placed to tell
WordPerfect to begin it at the cursor.  You can now type in
whatever text you want and it will be in the selected style.  By
reselecting the style you will place a marker telling
WordPerfect to turn it off again.



    NOTE: Press Alt-F3 to reveal the markers.  Now press F8.  What
do you see?  You see both of the underline markers put on the
screen right away, the one to turn it on and the one to turn it
off.  However, the cursor is sitting right on top of the marker
to turn underlining off.  Type some text.  What happens?  The
marker to end underlining is pushed to the right of the text, so
that all of the text appears between the two markers.  Get out
of underlining by hitting F8 again.  What happened?  The cursor
just jumped a spot to the right so that it was out of the
underlining zone.  What this means for you is that you can get
out of any kind of style simply by hitting the right-arrow key
to move out of the style zone.  This saves you from having to
reselect the style to cancel it, because some of these styles
take a number of keystrokes to activate.



If you would like to try out some of the styles, make a few
lines with each one in a different style.  Please note that some
of the sizes might not work for your particular font.  Some
fonts only come in one or two sizes, so don't be upset if the
Extra Large feature comes out the same size as the Large one.



Now you may ask yourself how WordPerfect decides how big each
one of these options is.  Well, to get back to something we were
looking at earlier, hit Shift-F1, 4, 8.  Towards the lower half
of the screen you will see the percentages that WordPerfect
reduces or enlarges the font as compared with your base font.
Any of these percentages can be changed and will be accepted as
the default from then on.





Appearance



The appearance of the text works in the same way as the size,
with markers to turn them on and off.  Press 2 on the main menu
to see the nine styles.  As with the sizes, all of these might
not work with your printer.  Each one is self-explanatory except
for the redlining and the strikeout.  The redlining, as I have
explained before, is something more often used for color
printers, but as you saw on the Format, Document menu (Shift-F8,
3) we could define a character that would appear on the left of
any line that was supposed to be redlined if we had a
black-and-white printer.  Strikeout will take any text within
the strikeout zone and put an "X" over each letter.





Base Font



The font is the most important thing that you will select when
using WordPerfect.  If you select this option from the main menu
you will see a list of all of the fonts available to you, which
will depend on the type of printer and what cartridges you have
told WordPerfect that you have.  Here are some tips for choosing
a font:



    1) If the font has the letters cpi after the number, this means
that it is a non-proportional font.  The number is the
characters per inch of the font, and the larger the number is
the smaller the font is.



    2) If the font has the word Pitch in it, this means that the
font is proportional.  The number is a representation of the
size of the font.  The larger the number is the larger the font
is.



    3) If the font has the word (Scalable) after it, it means that
the letters can be any size, and you will have to tell
WordPerfect the size.  The number you enter is equivalent to the
Pitch of a proportional font.  A scalable font is proportional.



Each font looks completely different from the others.  This
document was printed with Times Roman 12 Pitch, and the header
on each page was printed with Universal 7 Pitch.  That is, if
whoever printed out this document uses an HP Laserjet III.  Once
a font is turned on, that will be the font until a new one is
turned on.





Print Color



The fifth option, Print Color, is only available to you if you
have a color printer, of course.  You can select a color by
pressing the appropriate number.  Print colors last until a new
one is chosen.  Notice that each color is a mixture of the three
primary colors: red, yellow, and blue.  If for some reason you
do not like the current mixture, you can change the percentages
to suit your taste and those will be taken as the default from
then on.

BLOCKING TEXT



One very useful function when it comes to working with text is
making a block.  A block is a set of boundaries that you define
that encases a certain amount of text.  You can then do so many
things to that block of text that I'm not even sure I can list
them all.



To start a block, put the cursor at the spot you want the block
to begin.  Now press Alt-F4.  You will see on the left side of
the status line that a message saying Block on will blink.  This
is your notice you are in block mode.  Now move your cursor to
where you want the block to end.  The block is now defined.  Do
not hit Alt-F4 again.  If you do so you will turn off the block.
 Now that you have defined the block, you can change any of the
attributes of the block.  Please note that you can also start at
the end of the section of text you want to block, not just the
beginning.





Changing a Block's Attributes



When you have a block defined, there is no limit to the things
about that block you can change.  For example, if you have a
block defined and hit F8, the underlining key, the text inside
the block will be underlined.  This saves you from having to
delete text you've already typed in if you want it underlined.
Let me briefly go over some of the other keys you can hit.
Remember, many keys on the keyboard react differently if a block
is on or off, because WordPerfect knows that anything you do is
going to affect only the block.



F6 - Make the text in the box boldface.

Ctrl-F8 - Change the size or appearance of the blocked text.

Shift-F8 - Protect a block so that it can not be broken by a
Soft Page break.

Ctrl-F2 - Spell check the blocked text.

Shift-F6 - Center the block.

Backspace - Delete the block.

Shift-F7 - Print the block.

F10 - Save the block to a new filename.

Shift-F3 - "Switch" the case of the blocked text to upper or
lowercase.



Many of the commands that I go over in the future will have
different functions depending on whether a block has been
defined or not.  As soon as you change an attribute of a block,
the block turns off.

MOVING/COPYING TEXT



The Ctrl-F4 key will bring you to the options of moving and
copying text.  This command functions quite differently whether
a block is on or off.



If a block is defined and you hit Ctrl-F4, you will be given
three options, Block, Tabular Column, and Rectangle.  If you
choose option 1, you will be working with the block as you have
defined it.  If you choose option 2, you can work with a column
that you have created with Tabs, not with the column mode.  If
you choose this mode you should have defined your block with the
start of it being in the upper left corner of the column and the
end of it in the lower right corner.  If you choose option 3,
WordPerfect will not deal with the block exactly as you defined
it.  It will take the beginning and ending points of the block
and create a rectangle from the two points, which might not
encompass all of the text that a normal block would have.



If you have not defined a block, you will be given four options,
Sentence, Paragraph, Page, and Retrieve.  Ignore Retrieve for
the moment.  If you choose Sentence WordPerfect will select as
its "block" the sentence on which your cursor is resting.
Likewise for the Paragraph and Page options.





Moving and Copying the Block



Now that you have given WordPerfect a block of text in one
manner or another you are ready to do something with it.  After
you choose your block you will be given four more choices: Move,
Copy, Delete, and Append.  Ignore Append for the moment.  If you
choose Move, the text will be deleted from its present location.
 Your cursor will be returned to the document and a message on
the status line will read, Press Enter to Retrieve.  Now move
your cursor to wherever you want the text to go.  Hit Enter and
text will be placed wherever the cursor is.  Copy works just the
same as Move, except the text is not deleted from its original
location.  If you choose Delete the block will be erased.



The Append option is rather interesting.  If you choose this
option you will be able to take the block of text and attach it
to the end of a document that is stored on disk.  When you
choose this option you will be asked for the name of the file.
WordPerfect then changes the file on the disk so that a copy of
the block is appended to the file.



When you move or copy a block that text is stored in a buffer.
This buffer is a little chunk of memory that holds the text
until it is called for again.  When you finish the moving or
copying, the nice thing is that the text is not deleted from the
buffer.  In fact, the text is not deleted until you try to put
something else in the buffer.  What this means to you is that
you can retrieve text more than once to make multiple copies.
If you have put text into the buffer, simply press Ctrl-F4 and
choose the Retrieve option.  The last text put in the buffer
will be put wherever the cursor is.  (See Function Maps.)FINDING AND REPLACING TEXT



Often times there are key words or phrases in a document that
you want to search for.  Or maybe there is a person's name that
you've constantly spelled wrong and need to replace every
occurrence of it with the correct spelling.  Well, WordPerfect
can do it quite easily.  Press F2 to start a search.  In the
status line you will be asked for the word or word pattern that
you wish to search for.  You can put in just about anything,
including codes for special styles.  When you are done with
that, press F2 to begin the search.  Do not press Enter to begin
the search.  If you press Enter WordPerfect will assume that you
want to search for the given word when it has a Hard Return
after it.  The search will progress forward from the point of
the cursor.  When WordPerfect finds the text it will display the
point of the document where it found it and put the cursor right
over it.  To search for the same text again, press F2 twice.  To
search the document backwards from the cursor instead of
forwards, press Shift-F2.  (See Function Maps.)



Alt-F2 will let you search for text and replace it with
something else.  When you press the key WordPerfect will ask you
whether or not you want to Confirm.  If you hit "Y", WordPerfect
will ask you whether you want each occurrence of the word
replaced.  If you hit "N", it will replace everything without
asking.  You will then be asked for the word pattern you want to
search for.  Press F2 when you are finished typing that in.
Then type what you want to replace it with.  WordPerfect will
search the document forward from the point of the cursor.  There
is no way to do a search and replace backwards.  (See Function
Maps.)









































FOOTNOTES



Footnotes and endnotes are small notes set apart from the
document which give additional information or refer to another
text.  The only difference between them is that the footnote
comes at the bottom of the page and the endnote comes at the end
of the document.  The main footnote menu is at Ctrl-F7.



To create a footnote, choose option 1, Footnote.  You will then
be given four more options on the Footnote menu.  Choose option
1, Create.  You will be placed in an editing screen with the
number 1 on the screen.  Type in whatever text you want to be in
the footnote.  (Note that the number of the footnote will be
small and in superscript when actually printed.)  When creating
a note, you can use all of the available commands, including
changing the font so that the footnote looks smaller than the
other text.  When you are done creating the footnote, hit F7.  A
footnote marker will be inserted into the text, as well as a
small, superscripted numberal.  The footnote will be printed at
the bottom of the page, set apart from the normal text by a few
spaces and a solid line.



To edit a footnote, choose option 2 from the Footnote menu,
Edit.  You will then be asked for the number of the footnote you
want to edit, after which you will be able to edit the footnote.
 Option 3 from the Footnote menu, New Number, will let you break
the consecutive sequence of the footnote numbers.  The fourth
Footnote menu option, Options, gives you nine different choices
of how you want to style the footnote.



Creating and editing endnotes, option 2 from the main menu, work
exactly the same way as creating and editing footnotes.  All of
the commands are duplicated.  Option 3 from the main menu,
Endnote Placement, will let you decide if you want an endnote
someplace besides at the end of the document.  You might want an
endnote to come at the end of a chapter instead.  Move the
cursor to where you want the endnotes and choose option 3 from
the main menu.  This is where all of the endnotes that have not
been printed up until then will be printed.  The only prompt
WordPerfect will ask you is if you want you restart endnote
numbering at the next page.  Once you reply, WordPerfect will
insert a box and a Hard Page break.  The box is there because
WordPerfect will not know how much space the endnotes will take
up, since an undetermined number of endnotes will be put there.
In order to print the document with the endnotes, you must use
the Generate command (Alt-F5, 6, 5).  This should be the last
command you give WordPerfect before printing the document.  If
you do not use the Endnote Placement feature, you will not need
to use the Generate command.

MACROS



Macros are very nice, and I have more of them defined than I can
count.  A macro is a keystroke or a word that, when pressed,
will set a specific chain of events in motion.  For example, I
have my Alt-W key set up so that whenever I hit it, the word
WordPerfect will appear.  After all, I don't want to type that a
thousand times, do I?  I also have my Alt-O key configured so
that it will take the line above the cursor and make it
centered, boldfaced, underlined, very large, and all in
capitals.  That takes about thirty keystrokes which I have
reduced to one.



There are two kinds of macros you can define.  One are Alt-Key
macros which you can get with one keystroke.  You can have a
separate macro for each letter of the alphabet.  The other are
word macros that you need to do a little more typing to get.



To create a macro, press Ctrl-F10.  You will then be asked for
the name of the macro.  Press and hold the Alt key and hit a
letter, or type in a word that you would like to call the macro.
 After you do this, you will be asked for a description of the
macro, which I never type in.  You will then be put back into
editing mode, with a blinking message on the left of the status
line reading Macro Def.  Anything you do from now on will become
part of the macro.  When you are finished typing the macro,
press Ctrl-F10 again.  You have now saved the macro.  If the
macro was an Alt-Key macro you can get it by pressing Alt and
the key.  If it was a word macro, press Alt-10 and type in the
name of the macro.



If you try to define a macro that already exists you will be
asked whether you want to replace it, edit it, or see the
description.  If you decide you want to edit it, you will see a
screen with a box in the middle that shows you what the macro
looks like.  The first code in the macro is always {DISPLAY OFF}
so that WordPerfect doesn't waste time by showing you every step
of the macro, just the finished product.  You can delete this if
you want to see the macro in action.  You can now change the
codes and insert your own.  There are some codes that are
available only in macros, and you can move through a list of
those by pressing Ctrl-PgUp.  The codes are quite obscure, and
you can learn more about them by reading the WordPerfect 5.1
manual.



Remember when defining a macro that, if you are using special
codes and markers, you need to make the macro definition as
universal as possible.  For example, let's say you created a
macro that would underline and center the line above the cursor.
 When you defined the macro, the line was simply one word:
Define.  What a lot of people will do is to move the arrow up to
the line, start their block, then move to the end of the line to
finish the block by hitting the right arrow key six times.
Well, from then on this command will only work if your line is
six letters long.  What you should do instead is to press End to
have the cursor automatically jump to the end of the line.  It's
stuff like this that makes defining macros a little more tricky
than it might seem.  (See Function Maps.)

GRAPHICS



WordPerfect versions 5.0 and 5.1 support the addition of
graphics into your document, like this one:

































Nice, isn't it?  This graphic was created by the people at
WordPerfect Corporation and is on your C:\WP51 directory under
the name TELPHONE.WPG.  They put about twenty-five of these on
that directory, each one of which has the extension .WPG.  You
can buy more pictures commercially, just make sure that the
files have the .WPG extension on them.  You can also create your
own pictures with the companion program, DrawPerfect, a bad but
usable drawing program.





Lines



Press Alt-F9 to view the types of graphics boxes to choose from.
 Options 1, 2, 3, 4, and 6 are types of graphics boxes which we
will get into in a minute.  Option 5, Line, is completely unlike
the other five options so we will get into that first.  This
option will create a horizontal or vertical line in your
document.  If you choose this option, you will see that you can
create or edit either type of line.  (Please note that if you
edit a line, your cursor has to be positioned after the line
appears, don't ask me why.)  After you choose a type of line to
create you will see a list of five options.



If you are creating a horizontal line, the horizontal position
can be set to Full (spanning from left margin to right margin),
against the left margin, against the right margin, centered
between the margins, or you can manually set the position of the
line.  You can also set the vertical position to either Baseline
or you can manually set the position.  If you choose baseline,
the line will appear directly below the current line of text.
The options are the same for vertical lines, except in reverse.
For a vertical line, the vertical position can be set to Full,
Top, Bottom, Center, or you can set the position manually.  The
horizontal position can be set to be against the left margin,
the right margin, between columns (in column mode), or you can
set the position manually.



Once you have chosen the positioning of the line you can choose
the length of the line, option 3.  If the position of the line
has been set to Full, the line length can not be changed since
it will span the entire page.  The width of the line can be
altered freely.  The last option, Gray Shading, lets you control
the blackness of the line.  The default is 100%, which means the
line will be pure black.  Once you have set a line, you can view
what it looks like with the View Document command on the Print
menu.  (Shift-F7, Option 6.)





Graphics Boxes



From the main menu (Alt-F9) you can choose five different types
of boxes: Figure, Table, Text, User, or Equation.  Here's the
stickler: The type of box you choose does not matter.  All five
boxes are the same.  For example, you can have an equation in a
text box with no problems.  The reason that they have five
different types of boxes is that, after you choose a type of
box, you will given nine options to choose from.  The defaults
for these nine options will be adjusted depending on what type
of box you want to create.



When you choose one of these types of boxes you will be given
the choice of creating one, editing a previous one, making a new
number, or setting the options.  The options, number 4, are very
important to set.  This lets you decide whether there is a
border around the graphics, how much of a margin will be inside
and outside the border, how the graphics are numbered, and how
the captions will look.  Once you set those, press Enter to go
back to the previous menu and choose option 1, Create.



Option 1, Filename, is the name of the graphic that you want to
import from disk.  For example, the filename for my telephone
was TELPHONE.WPG.  You also have to tell WordPerfect what disk
and directory it is getting the graphic from.  I didn't have to
say anything besides TELPHONE.WPG only because in the Location
of Files option on the Setup menu (Shift-F1) I had told
WordPerfect that the default location for my graphics files was
C:\WP51.  When you type in the filename WordPerfect will go look
for the picture.  After you choose the picture, the rest of the
options might very well change, depending on the specifications
of the picture.



Option 2, Contents, is just going to tell you what WordPerfect
found to put inside the box, and you will probably never need to
change it.  However, there are some advantages to changing to a
different type.  Graphic and Graphic on Disk are two sides of
the same coin.  The first one will save the picture information
as part of the file, meaning that the graphic has now been
completely incorporated.  The second one will not incorporate
the graphic as part of the file.  Whenever you load in the file,
WordPerfect will look for the graphic in the specified
directory.  This means that you cannot transport the file to
another computer without bringing the separate graphic file with
you.  A Text box will allow you to change the appearance of text
inside the box without affecting the text in the rest of the
document.  Equation will let you access the equation editor
instead of the graphic editor when you choose option 9.



Option 3 lets you put a Caption directly below the graphics box.
 If you choose this option you will be put into a text-entering
mode, from which you can access just about every text-editing
feature, such as font changes.  Nothing you do to the caption
will affect the rest of the document.  The first thing in the
caption will be the number of the figure that you have created.
You can erase this if you don't want it in the caption.  When
you are done typing in the caption, press F7.



Option 4 lets you choose where you are going to anchor the
graphic.  If you choose Paragraph, the graphic will stay with
the text around it.  If you select Page the graphic will remain
at the fixed location of the page regardless of where the text
moves.  Character moves the figure around like a single
character, allowing you to move it at will.



Option 5, Vertical Position, is dependent on the anchor type.
If the anchor is Paragraph you can enter an amount that the
graphic will be offset from the paragraph.  If the anchor is
Page you can enter how far down the page the graphic will start,
or move it flush against the top or bottom margin.  If Character
is the anchor then you will select whether the rest of the line
is flush with the top, middle, or bottom of the document.



Option 6, Horizontal Position, is also dependent on anchor type:
Paragraph - Flush with the left margin, the right margin, the
center of the page, or the full page; Page - A certain distance
away from a margin or a column; Character - A horizontal
position is not necessary.



Option 7, Size, changes what size the box is going to be.  The
width and height can each be set manually or they can be set to
automatically adjust to the size of the graphic.  If you
manually set either setting the other one will be changed to
keep the shape of the graphic intact.  If you choose the Set
Both option, the shape of the graphic will be altered to fit
whatever size box you create.  If you choose Auto Both
WordPerfect resets the size of the box to what it was when the
graphic was originally created.



Option 8 will let you decide whether the text should wrap around
the graphic box or not.  If no, then the text will keep on
printing just as if there was no graphic box there, so that the
graphic and the text will overlap each other.



Option 9 lets you Edit the graphic.  There are separate editors
for graphics and equations.  If you are editing a graphic, you
can move the figure, scale it horizontally or vertically, rotate
it, invert it, print it in black and white if you have a color
printer, and choose what percentage of the graphic should be
displayed.  If you are editing an equation, get the WordPerfect
manual, because its too much to go over here.  (See Function
Maps.)COLUMNS AND TABLES



Currently all of our text that we've typed has gone all of the
way across the page.  However, you can edit your document so
that what you type is displayed in columns, rather than in a
full page format.  Press Alt-F7 to get to the main menu of
columns.  (See Function Maps.)





Columns



Choose option 1 on the main menu.  You will be greeted with
three options, On, Off, and Define.  Define is the most
important option.  Once you have defined your columns, options 1
and 2 simply turns the column mode on or off.



Press 3 to go to the column definition screen.  Here you will be
able to set up exactly how you want the columns to look.  The
Type of column can either be Newspaper, Parallel, or Parallel
with Block Protect.  Newspaper columns have text that all stays
on one page.  When you finish with one column, WordPerfect
brings the text up to the beginning of the next column.  In
parallel columns eachcolumn is a separate entity, so that nothing you do in one
column can affect the next one.  If you choose Parallel with
Block Protect the text will be prevented from going down into
the next page.



Choose the Number of Columns that you want, as well as the
Distance Between Columns.  After you have chosen these options,
the margins of the columns will be calculated automatically and
displayed in the chart in the lower half of the screen.  If you
want to change these margins, to make one column bigger than
another, simply press 4 and the cursor will be moved to the
chart so that you can edit the numbers.

Now that your columns have been defined, don't forget to turn
them on if you want to use them.  On your monitor you will see
the columns displayed side by side just as they would appear on
the paper.  However, if you don't want them displayed side by
side but would rather see them just like normal text, you can
change it with the option we already talked about at Shift-F1,
2, 6, 7.  To move from one column to another in the side by side
display of columns, press Alt-Left-Arrow or Alt-Right-Arrow.
Notice that when columns are on, you have a new thing in the
status line telling you which column you are in.  Also, to force
WordPerfect to go to the next column, insert a Hard Page break.

Tables



Here is a sample chart created with WordPerfect.



Group 1    Group 2    Group 3

Day 1 - No Progress    Day 1 - No Progress    Day 1 - Some Progress

Day 2 - Some Progress    Day 2 - No Progress    Day 2 - Much Progress

Day 3 - Much Progress    Day 3 - Some Progress    Day 3 - Finished
Course

When you choose the Table option from the main menu, you will be
prompted to tell WordPerfect how many rows and columns you want
in the table.  The table will then be displayed and you will
have a number of options as to how to edit this table.  There
are much, much to many editing options for me to go over in this
mini-manual, so I won't even try.  The Help feature on
WordPerfect details all of these options quite well.  Let me
just say that I don't think there is anything you would want to
do with a chart that these options didn't cover.



Once the table is created and you are back in editing mode, you
can enter your information into the cells of the table.  Each
cell is treated like an individual line, which it is in a way.
You can enter text exactly like you would in normal editing
mode.  To move from one column to the next, use the
Alt-Left-Arrow and Alt-Right-Arrow keys.  Do not hit Enter in
any of the cells because you will warp the shape of the chart.







































OUTLINING



WordPerfect will automatically create standard outlines for you.
 These outlines have eight levels, with standard numberings:



I. Hello

    A. Greetings

        1. How are you?

            a. What's up?

                (1) Salutations

                    (a) Howdy, pardner

                        i) What's shakin'?

                            a) Yo!



These are the default numberings and styles for outlining.  To
change the default, press Shift-F5 and choose option 6, Define.
Here you can define the numberings that you want to use.



The outlining main menu is at Shift-F5.  Choose option 4,
Outlining, to get to the outlining options.  Press 1 to turn the
outlining on.  After you turn it on, press Enter.  You will
prompted with a I.  Type in whatever text you want to go on this
first line and press Enter.  You will then be prompted with a
II. on the next line right under the I.  You may type in text on
this line.  To move to the next level of outlining, press Tab.
To move back a level, press Shift-Tab.  (Do not hit the
Backspace key instead of the Shift-Tab key.  This will delete
the outline number, and can affect the way the outline is
produced.)  WordPerfect will automatically calculate the number
necessary for the level of the outline.  You need to do nothing
but type and hit Tab and Back-Tab.  To turn outlining off,
choose option 5 from the main menu, then option 2.  (See
Function Maps.)































STANDARD TABLES



With WordPerfect you can have it automatically create a Table of
Contents, an Index, Cross-References, Sub-documents, or a Table
of Authorities.  The Table of Contents at the beginning of this
manual was generated completely by WordPerfect.  Creating any
one of these is just as difficult with WordPerfect as it is by
hand, but the advantage to using WordPerfect is that when the
page numbers change, WordPerfect will change the tables along
with them.  Hit Alt-F5 to get into the main menu of tables.





Cross-References



Option 1 from the main menu will let you create a
cross-reference.  The two things that you have to do to create a
cross-reference is to mark the reference and the target.  The
reference is the place in the document that you tell the reader
to go look at something else.  The target is what the reference
is referring to.  Normally you would be creating both the
reference and the target at the same time, so you would usually
choose option 3 from the Cross-Reference menu.  However, there
are times when you might wish to create a reference to something
which hasn't been created yet, and there are times that you want
to make a target for something that you know you are going to
reference later.  Since options 1 and 2 work the same way as
option 3, we are only going to deal with option 3.



Choose option 3, Mark Both Reference and Target.  You are going
to see five types of references, Page, Paragraph/Outline,
Footnote, Endnote, and Graphics Box.  To tie the reference to a
page number, choose option 1.  You will then be asked to move
the cursor to the page that you want to target.  Make sure you
put the cursor at the beginning of the text you want the reader
to look at so that if the page numbers get changed WordPerfect
will change with it.  Press Enter to mark the target.  If you
want the reference tied to a paragraph number or an outline
level, choose option 2 and move the cursor to the beginning of
the paragraph, then press Enter to mark the target.  To tie the
reference to a footnote or an endnote, choose option 3 or 4.
Make sure you move the cursor to the space immediately after the
code representing the footnote or endnote.  (You might wish to
use the Reveal Codes screen here, because the footnote and the
target marker must be back to back.)  If you want the reference
tied to a graphics box, choose option 5.  You will be asked what
kind of a graphics box it is, the same as when you created the
box.  Like the footnotes, move your cursor to the space
immediately following the code for the graphics box and hit
Enter.



After you press Enter you will be asked for the name of the
target.  This name can be anything if you are going to use the
target or reference only once, but if you are going to use
multiple references to one target or make multiple targets for
one reference, make sure the name is something you can remember.
 After you type in the name, WordPerfect will place a target
with that name at the place you hit Enter.  It will also create
a reference to that target at the place your cursor was when you
entered the cross-referencing feature.  This reference will only
display the page number, paragraph number, etc. of what you are
referencing.  Any additional words in the reference you have to
supply yourself.  For example, if you wanted the reference to
say See Page 3, WordPerfect will only supply the 3, and you
would have to type in See Page yourself.



As you change your document around, the number that was printed
by WordPerfect in your reference might be wrong.  For example,
what was page 2 might now be page 4.  In order to change the
reference numbers you have to Generate them.  From the main
menu, choose option 6, Generate.  You will then choose option 5
from the next menu to generate the new references.  Everything
in your document will then be changed.  Note: This should be the
last step you do before you print the document.



You will sometimes want to make reference to the same target a
number of times.  To reference a pre-existing target, simply
choose option 1, Mark Reference, from the cross-reference menu.
You will then be asked for the type of reference it is as well
as the name of the target.  In this manner one target is being
used for a number of different references.  By choosing option
2, Mark Target, you can have one reference refer to a number of
targets.  Let's say you wanted a reference to refer to three
different pages.  You would put a target on each of the three
pages, making sure that each target has the same name.  Then,
when you created a reference to refer to a target with that
name, WordPerfect would put make the reference refer to all
three targets.  Each number would be separated by a comma and a
space, i.e. See Page 3, 4, 7.  (See Function Maps.)





Sub-documents



There are times when you want to edit a document so large that
it is almost unmanageable.  Well, there is a way to make large
documents a little easier to use.  You can break up your
document into sub-documents.  This manual was created with the
sub-document feature.  What I did was I created each section of
this manual as an individual document.  When I wanted to edit
one of the sections, I just called the file up into Document 1.
Since it was only a section long, I could move around in it
quickly.  In Document 2 I created my master document, which was
the collection of all of the sub-documents.  The master document
simply told WordPerfect what files were going to make up the
entire document.



Every sub-document is an individual file.  You create them, edit
them, and save them just like any normal file.  Let's say you
have three sub-documents on your default drive, which we'll call
OPENING, BODY, and CLOSING.  We would need to create a master
document to tell WordPerfect that those three files will make up
the final document.  A master document is also created just like
a normal document.  It can contain normal text, not just the
names of files.  When you want to insert a file into the
document, you need to create a sub-document link.  This link is
a code which tells WordPerfect that it needs to retrieve a file
from the disk and put it into the document.To create a sub-document link, choose option 2 from the main
menu.  You will then be asked for the filename.  Type in
OPENING.  On the screen in the master document you will see a
box which says Subdoc: OPENING.  This means that WordPerfect
will take the file called OPENING and stick it into the document
right where the box is.  You can then insert a Hard Page break
and create two more sub-document links for the files BODY and
CLOSING.



What you have here is a condensed master document.  This means
that you are just looking at the names of the files, not the
files themselves.  To look at the master document as it would
look with all of the files actually present, you need to expand
the document.  To expand the master document, choose option 6,
Generate, from the main menu.  Then choose option 3, Expand
Master Document.  All of the files will be loaded into memory.
If a file is not found on disk, WordPerfect will prompt you for
a new name or to skip the document.  You can now edit all of the
sub-documents together if you need to.  To condense the master
document again, choose option 4 from the Generate menu, Condense
Master Document.  If you made changes to any of the
sub-documents, WordPerfect will ask you if you want to save the
sub-documents as it condenses the master document.  (See
Function Maps.)



Please note that when a master document is expanded, it does not
treat each sub-document as a separate file.  Any code that you
put in a sub-document, such as a font or a set of margins, will
hold true for all of the following sub-documents until a new
code is found that replaces the old one.  Also, any lists,
tables of contents, etc. should be put only in the master
document.





Index



Creating an index is one of the longest, most arduous processes
the writer of a manuscript can ever do.  It's no wonder
professionals often hire other people to write them.  However,
WordPerfect makes creating an index almost simple by comparison.



The first thing that you need to do is to Define your index.
Position your cursor at the end of the document, then choose
option 5, Define, from the main menu.  Choose option 3, Define
Index.  You will be asked to enter the name of a concordance
file.  Keep this in mind, as we will talk about it later.  For
now, just press Enter.  You will then be given five options as
to how to how the index will look.  The only one that you might
have difficulty understanding is the fifth one, Flush Right Page
Numbers With Leaders, which simply means that a row of periods
will extend between the word and the page number.  Once you
choose a numbering style, you've finished defining your index.



Now you have to mark the text that you want to appear in the
index.  The hard way is go through and manually block each word
or phrase that you want in the index.  (The easy way is coming.)
 Block a word or a phrase that you want to appear in the index.
Then press Alt-F5.  Notice that since a block is on a new set of
choices comes up onto the menu.  Choose option 3 to mark the
block as an index entry.  You will then be asked for the name of
the heading that you wish the word to go under.  You will also
be asked for a sub-heading; if you do not want a sub-heading,
simply press Enter.



The easier way is to create a concordance file.  This is a
normal WordPerfect document that has one word or phrase per
line, each line ending in a Hard Return.  Each word or phrase
that is on a line in the concordance file will be searched for
in the document.  This saves you the trouble of having to mark
every single occurrence of a word or phrase in the document.
Save your file to disk and then, when you define your index,
type in the name of the file when WordPerfect asks you for the
concordance file.  The one major disadvantage to this method is
that WordPerfect will only look for exact matches, i.e. disks
will not be found if the line in the concordance file is disk.
To generate an index, do just what you did with the
cross-references.  From the main menu choose option 6, Generate,
then option 5.  Again, generation should be the last thing you
do before printing.  (See Function Maps.)





Table of Authorities



A Table of Authorities is usually used for legal purposes as a
list at the beginning of a document detailing all of the legal
documents quoted.  First we must define the table by choosing
option 5 from the main menu, then option 4, Define Table of
Authorities.  You will then be asked for a section number that
you want to define.  (There are sixteen possible section
numbers, and each section can have a different style to it.)
Once you choose a section number, you will be given some options
as to how you want the section styled.  Once you have chosen
those options, you will have defined that section of your table.
 To define a new section, simply go through the same process.
After you have defined a table, you should immediately insert a
Hard Page break.  Also, after the Hard Page break you should
insert a new page number (Shift-F8, 2, 6, 1).  This is because
creating a table could throw off the page numbers that
WordPerfect will read.



    NOTE:  Whenever you are defining a Table of Authorities or a
Table of Contents, you should start numbering your pages only
after the tables are done being created, and should start the
page numbering with page number 1.  This will prevent page
numbering problems that might arise from having a table which
lists page numbers being in the page numbering system itself.



To mark an authority, block the full text of the authority in
the document and press Alt-F5.  Then choose option 4.  Enter the
section number under which you want the reference to appear.
You will then be put into an editing screen where you can change
the wording to make it look as you want it in the table.  When
you are finished, press F7.  You will then be prompted to enter
the short form of the entry, which can be a unique nickname you
can use to identify the same entry a number of different places
in the document.  If you come across the same entry again and
want it to go under the same section as the previous one, press
Enter when WordPerfect asks you for a section number.
WordPerfect will then prompt you to type in the short form of
the reference.  To generate the Table of Authorities, choose
option 6, Generate, from the main menu, and then choose option 5.





Lists



You can define up to ten different lists in WordPerfect to list
miscellaneous items.  If you are going to list things other than
graphics, or if you are going to list only a certain number of
the graphics, use only lists 1-5.  Lists 6-10 are configured in
a special way.  First, define the list by choosing option 5 from
the main menu.  Then choose option 2 to define a list.  You will
be asked for a list number, and then the style of the page
numbering for the list.



Marking list entries works in exactly the same manner as it did
for all the previous sections.  Block the word or phrase, then
press Alt-F5 and choose option 2.  You will be asked which list
you want the entry to go in.  (If you want it to go in two
separate lists, you have to mark the entry once for each list.)



Lists 6-10 are configured specifically for types of graphics
boxes.  Each type of list will automatically take the captions
from the graphics boxes and use those to make the list.  List 6
will automatically use all of the captions for all of figure
boxes.  (The captions of the figure boxes do not need to be
marked.)  List 7 does the same for table boxes, list 8 for text
boxes, list 9 for user-defined boxes, and list 10 for equation
boxes. To generate the lists, choose option 6 from the main
menu, then option 5.





Table of Contents



To define a Table of Contents choose option 5 from the main
menu, then choose option 1, Define Table of Contents.  You will
be asked to choose from a number of options.  The Number of
Levels can be up to 5.  These are the number of headings and
sub-headings that you can choose from.  For example, the Table
of Contents for this document has only two levels two it, the
first one for the main sections (in capitals) and the second one
for the sub-sections.  (If I had wanted sub-sections of the
sub-sections I would have defined three levels.)  Display Last
Level in Wrapped Format means that the last level of information
will be in paragraph style, rather than in a list style.  Page
Numbering allows you to choose a standard style of page
numbering for each level.



Now that you have defined the table, you must mark the text for
each entry.  Block the text of the entry, then press Alt-F5 and
choose option 1.  You will be asked to type in the level of the
entry.  Now the text that you blocked will be included in the
Table of Contents.  To generate the table, choose option 6 from
the main menu, then choose option 5.  (See Function Maps.)

 MERGE UTILITIES



Merging is a very powerful utility on WordPerfect, one that is
most often used to create mass mailings to large groups of
people.  Basically, what merge does is to take information from
one source, then use that information in a special way in the
document.  However, merge is also the single most complicated
thing in all of WordPerfect.  It takes fully 127 pages to
explain in the WordPerfect manual.  I am just going to try to
get you started on the command with the basic need-to-know
information.  If you have trouble understanding how the merging
works, please look at the Function Maps in Appendix II, where
I'll explain it in the simplest possible terms.



To use merge, you have to have two types of files: Master Files
and Data Files.  A master file has all of the information as to
how the data is to be organized and manipulated.  The data files
contain all of the raw facts and figures which are going to be
imported into the master file.  The first thing to do is to
create the data file.  Start it just like any normal file.
Press Shift-F9 and choose option 6, More.  In the upper right
corner of the screen you will see a list of commands.  Use the
arrow keys to move the selection bar down to the command {FIELD
NAMES}.  A field is the name of a piece of information.  Press
Enter.  You will then be asked to type in the names of the
fields that you want, i.e. Name, Address, Phone Number, etc.
When you have finished typing in all of the field names, press
Enter without typing anything.  The fields will be displayed on
the screen, followed by a Hard Page break.



What you just did was to type in the definition of the records,
the style that every record has to follow.  Now you can start
typing in your records.  You need to enter the information in
order of the names of the fields that you just created.  Type in
the first name.  Do not hit Enter.  Press Shift-F9 and choose
option 6.  Move the selection bar down to {END FIELD} and press
Enter.  (Note that F9 will also put in an {END FIELD} marker.)
Do the same thing after you finish typing in the address and the
phone number.  (Note that a field can take up more than one
line.)  When you have finished typing in the record, choose {END
RECORD} from the list of commands.  A Hard Page break will be
inserted into the document, and you can start typing your next
record.  When you are done entering the data, save the file and
exit from it.



Now that you have your data file created, you need to create the
master file.  Basically, any piece of information that you put
in the data file can be used anywhere in the master file.  In
order to insert a piece of information, press Shift-F9 and
choose option 1, Field.  You will be asked to type in the name
of the field from the data file.  Press Enter.  A merge code
will be inserted into the document.  When you are done with the
file, and have put in all of the merge codes that you want, save
it and exit from the file.

Now you want to merge the two files together, so that the
information from the data file will get sent into the master
file.  Hit Ctrl-F9 and choose option 1, Merge.  You will asked
for the name of the primary file, which is the master file.
Then you will be asked for the name of the secondary file, which
is the data file.  WordPerfect will merge the two together, and
on the screen will appear a number of documents, one right after
another, each separated by a Hard Page break.  Each copy of the
document will have the information from a different record.  You
can save and print this new file just like any normal file.
(See Function Maps.)





Sorting



If you have a list of things that are out of order, you can have
WordPerfect sort them to your specifications.  The first thing
to do is to block the text that you wish to sort.  The press
Ctrl-F9.  You will be moved to a sorting screen.  It is there
that you choose all of your sorting options.



The first thing that you need to do is choose the type of sort
you are going to perform.  Choose option 7, Type.  If you are
sorting a data file in a merge, choose option 1.  If you are
sorting lines of information, choose option 2.  And if you are
sorting paragraphs with at least two Hard Returns after them,
choose option 3.



If you want to sort in descending order instead of ascending,
choose option 6, Order.



The most important option is 3, Keys.  This sets the list of
priorities as to how each line is going to be sorted, i.e. last
name, first name, etc.  Choose option 3, Keys.  You can move
your cursor around in the keys.  There are three options you can
change for every key, Typ, Field, and Word.  These options tell
WordPerfect how to sort the chosen words, and where on each line
the chosen words are.  Each field on a line is separated by a
Tab.  For example, the line:



Erik Jones    55 Lake Avenue N.    Worcester



contains three fields, each separated by a Tab.  The first field
contains 2 words, the second field contains 4 words, and the
third field contains 1 word.  If all the field were like this
and I wanted WordPerfect to sort primarily by last name, next to
key 1 I would put a "1" under Field, since the last name is in
the first field, and a "2" under Word, since the last name is
the second word in the first field.  Under Typ I would put an
"a", since the word contains characters.  If the word contained
just numerals, I would put "n" under Typ.  Next I would want
WordPerfect to sort the first names, just in case there were two
or more people with the same last name, so next to key 2 I would
put an "a" under Typ, and a "1" under Field and Word.



When you are done entering the keys, press F7 to exit.  Then, to
perform the search, choose option 1.  The sort will be
performed, and you will be returned to the document.



TEXT IN/OUT



There are many ways that you can save or retrieve text into
WordPerfect.  The Text main menu is at Ctrl-F5.





DOS Text



Option 1, DOS Text, lets you retrieve a file which is in ASCII
format, or to save a WordPerfect file into ASCII format.  This
is useful if you want to move a file from one word processor to
another.  When you choose this option, you will be given three
more.  Option 1, Save, lets you save the WordPerfect file on the
screen to a disk in ASCII format.  All standard WordPerfect
codes are deleted or altered.  Options 2 and 3 let you retrieve
ASCII files into WordPerfect.  There is a big difference between
the two methods, however.  Option 2 will put a Hard Return at
the end of each line, and option 3 will put a Soft Return at the
end of each line.  This can affect your editing of the document,
and I always recommend option 3.  Please note that the document
might not look very nice and neat when you get it into
WordPerfect, and that you might have to change around some of
the margins.





Password



Option 2 from the main menu lets you put a password in your
document so that no one can retrieve it or look at it without
knowing the password.  When you choose this option, you will be
asked whether you want to add/change or remove a password.  To
add a password, choose option 1.  You will be asked to enter the
password, then re-enter it to make sure you entered it
correctly.  Please note that when you type in the password it
will not appear on the screen, so that anyone looking over your
shoulder won't know what the password is.  Now, anytime you try
to retrieve or look at the document, you will be asked for the
password.  To remove a password, choose option 2 from the
password menu.





Save As



Option 3, Save As, lets you save a file in Generic, WordPerfect
5.0, or WordPerfect 4.2 format.  The main difference between
saving a file in Generic format and in ASCII format is that
Generic will keep the look of the text intact.  Saving the text
in a previous version of WordPerfect will allow you to transfer
the file from WordPerfect 5.1 to a computer with an earlier
version.  Note that if you have a file created with an earlier
version of WordPerfect, WordPerfect 5.1 will have no problem
retrieving it.  (Some of the codes might be transferred to
comments if they have to real equivalent in WordPerfect 5.1.)
(See Function Maps.)Comments



A comment is text which appears on the screen but is not
printed.  Choose option 4, Comment.  To create a comment, choose
option 1.  You will be put into an editing screen where you can
enter any text you want.  Press F7 when you are finished.  The
comment will be displayed on the screen in a box, but will not
affect the text of the document.  To edit a document, choose
option 2 from the Comment menu, and WordPerfect will search
backwards from the cursor until it finds the last comment.  If
you choose option 3 from the Comment menu, Convert to Text, the
last comment before the cursor will be converted into normal
text and inserted into the document.  See Edit-Screen Options at
Shift-F1, 2, 6 to choose whether comments will be printed or not.





Spreadsheet



WordPerfect 5.1 can import spreadsheets from many different
sources, including Quattro Pro, Lotus 1-2-3, and Excel.  To
import a spreadsheet from a file, choose option 5, then option
1, Import.  You will be put in a menu where you must tell
WordPerfect what the name of the file is, the rows and columns
you want imported (default is the whole thing), and whether you
want it imported into text format or table format.  The file
will be imported into your document, and can be edited at will.



Instead of important the file directly, you can create a link to
the file.  This is identical to the links we created when we
were working with sub-documents.  This means that whenever the
spreadsheet is changed, WordPerfect will always have the new
spreadsheet on hand.  To create a link, choose option 2 from the
Spreadsheet menu and fill in the information.  After you finish,
go back to the Spreadsheet menu and choose option 4, Link
Options.  I recommend that option 1, Update on Retrieve, be
changed to "Yes", so that whenever you retrieve the document,
the latest version of the spreadsheet will be imported.
Otherwise, you will have to choose option 3 from this menu every
time you want the links updated.

























CONVERSION UTILITIES



There is a program that comes with WordPerfect 5.1 which lets
you convert files from many other formats to WordPerfect.  You
can also convert WordPerfect files to most of these formats.
The program is called CONVERT, and is not accessible from within
WordPerfect.  It is a program that actually exists separately
from WordPerfect.  As a matter of fact, you can use the program
even if you don't have WordPerfect, to transfer documents from
one type of word processor to another, using this program as a
"bridge".



The first thing you need to do is go to DOS, so hit Ctrl-F1 and
choose option 1.  This will put you into DOS at the command
prompt.  Now that you are in DOS, type cd\wp51 and press Enter.
Then type in the word convert and hit Enter.  You are now
accessing the conversion utility.



The first thing that the program will ask you is the name of
your input file.  This is the file that you want to be
converted.  Make sure when you do this that you type in the path
of the file as well, i.e. a:filename.  Then you are going to be
asked the name of the output file.  WordPerfect won't simply
convert the file and forget about the original, it will save the
new file under a different name so that the original remains
intact.  So type in a new name, including the path, and hit
Enter.



You will then be given all of the formats that can be converted
to WordPerfect.  Most of these formats are various commercial
word processors, and some are various codes that certain pieces
of software and hardware use.  Number 1 on the menu will bring
you to the shorter list of formats that you can translate a
WordPerfect document into.



Once you choose the format, the conversion will begin.  After
the file is finished converting, type in exit to return to
WordPerfect.  These conversion utilities are made so that as
much as possible from the original file is translated.  However,
there are some things that one word processor can do that
another processor can't.  Therefore, don't expect 100% accuracy
in the translations.



Please note that you often do not have to do conversions with
this program.  WordPerfect 5.0 documents load into WordPerfect
5.1 with little or no problem, and WordPerfect 4.2 documents can
do the same if they are simple.  Also, simple DOS text files can
just be retrieved like regular WordPerfect files.  WordPerfect
can handle DOS text very easily, so you might not have to use
the conversion program at all.

MISCELLANEOUS



These are some features of WordPerfect that did not fit well in
other sections.





Dates



You can insert a date code or a date text into your document.
Both of these will insert a date into your document, in the
style that you have defined for dates.  The difference is that a
date code will change for any day that you call up the document,
making keeping track of when different versions of a document
were printed very easy.  A date text prints the text of the
current day, and will not change as the days pass.  To insert
either one, press Shift-F5 and choose either option 1 or 2.  The
appropriate date will be inserted into the document at the
cursor.





Compose Characters



There is a file in the C:\WP51 directory called PRINTER.TST.
Load the file into memory and print it on your printer.  The
characters that are printed are the ones that your printer can
handle.  Most of these characters are not on the keyboard and
must be accessed in a special way.  Notice that there are 9
character "maps", and each map is a grid set up with 256
locations for characters.  Press Ctrl-V and the word Key = will
appear on the status line.  Now type in the number of the map, a
comma with no space after it, and the number of the character.
Now hit Enter.  The character might not appear on the screen as
it should look, but if you use the View Document feature you can
see the character there on the screen.





Flush Right



You can have anything in your document flush against the right
margin.  The key is Alt-F6.  Anything you type on the line after
you press this key will be lined up against the rightmost
margin.  If you hit Alt-F6 twice in a row a line of periods will
be extended from the place where the cursor was to the text at
the right margin.



Go to DOS



You can execute a DOS command from WordPerfect, or go into a DOS
"shell" that lets you act as if you were in DOS without exiting
from WordPerfect.  Both of these commands are accessible by
hitting Ctrl-F1.  By choosing option 1 you will be put right
into DOS.  Type exit to get out of the shell and back to
WordPerfect.  By choosing option 2, you will be asked to type
the command that you would like WordPerfect to execute.APPENDIX I



Here is a template for WordPerfect 5.1.  Copy it, cut it out,
and tape it above your function keys.





























         F1       F2       F3       F4           F5       F6       F7
     F8           F9      F10      F11      F12



CTRL:     DOS    SPELL    LINE    MOVE       TEXT  TAB
ALGNFOOTNOTE  FONT      MERGE  MAC.DEF.

Alt:    Thesaur.Replace Rv.Codes Block      Tables
Fl.RightColumns  Style     Graphics Macro

Shift:   Setup  Search<- Switch >Indent<   Outline  Center
Print   Format    Mrg.CodeRetrieve

Normal:  Cancel Search->  Help  Indent->     Disk    Bold
Exit  Underlin   End Fld.  Save  Rv.Codes Block









APPENDIX II - FUNCTION MAPS





Sometimes I have found it useful to break the functions of a
piece of software down in to simplistic, step-by-step
instructions.  That is what these function maps are for.  In
each of the functions listed I will tell you exactly how to
perform any of the given functions.  If you follow these maps,
you will not be given much choice as to the special ways to
configure the functions.  This will just give you the most basic
of steps to get the function working.



When you go through these maps, all keys that you have to press
are printed in boldface.  If there are a number of keys in a row
that you have to press, each key will be separated by a comma
and a space.  Each step is numbered, and sometimes there will be
explanations along the way.  PLEASE NOTE that all of these maps
assume that you are starting on the main editing screen.





Retrieve a Document



1. Insert the disk with the document on it into drive "A".



2. Press F5.



3. Type A: and press Enter.



4. Move the selection bar down to the file you want to get.



5. Press 1.





Find a Document on Disk



1. Press F5.



2. Press F5 to accept the directory that is being displayed.  If
you wish to enter a new directory, do so and press Enter.



3. Press 9, 4.



4. Enter the word or phrase you wish to search for and press
Enter.  The search will now go through all of the files.  A list
of the files in which the word was found will be displayed.



5. If you want to narrow the files down again, go to step 3.





Turn on Justification



1. Position the cursor where you want the justification to begin.



2. Press Shift-F8.



3. Press 1, 3, 4.



4. Press Enter, Enter.





Make Document Double-Spaced



1. Position the cursor where you want the double-spacing to
begin.



2. Press Shift-F8.



3. Press 1, 6, 2.



4. Press Enter, Enter, Enter.





Change Left/Right Margins



1. Position the cursor where you want the new margins to begin.



2. Press Shift-F8.



3. Press 1, 7.



4. Type in the number of inches that you want the left margin to
be.  Press Enter.



5. Type in the number of inches that you want the right margin
to be.  Press Enter.



6. Press Enter, Enter.





Change Top/Bottom Margins



1. Position the cursor where you want the new margins to begin.



2. Press Shift-F8.



3. Press 2, 5.



4. Type in the number of inches that you want the top margin to
be.  Press Enter.



5. Type in the number of inches that you want the bottom margin
to be.  Press Enter.



6. Press Enter, Enter.



Create a Header/Footer



1. Position the cursor at the top of page on which you want the
header or footer to begin.



2. Press Shift-F8.



3. Press 3 if you want a header, or press 4 if you want a footer.



4. Press 1, 2.  You will now be placed in an editing screen.



5. Enter the text of the header/footer.



6. Press F7.



7. Press Enter, Enter.









Number Pages



1. Position the cursor at the top of the page on which you want
the page numbering to begin.



2. Press Shift-F8.



3. Press 2, 6.



4. Press 1.



5. Enter the number of the page that you want the page numbering
to start at.  Press Enter.



6. Press 4.



7. Press 2 if you want the page numbering at the top of the
page, or press 6 if you want the page numbering at the bottom of
the page.



8. Press Enter, Enter, Enter.



Change to Landscape Orientation



1. Position the cursor on the top of the page that you want the
landscape orientation to take effect.



2. Press Shift-F8.



3. Press 2, 7.



4. Press N.



5. Type Standard - Wide.  Press Enter.



6. Press 1.



7. Press Enter, Enter.





Make Timed Backups



1.Press Shift-F1.



2.Press 3, 1.



3. Press 1.



4. Press Y.



5. Type 10 and press Enter.



6. Press Enter, Enter, Enter.





Create Initial Codes



1. Press Shift-F1.



2. Press 4, 5.



3. Type in whatever codes you wish, using the various function
keys.



4. Press F7.



5. Press Enter, Enter.



Spell Check a Document



1. Press Home, Home, Up-Arrow.



2. Press Ctrl-F2.



3. Press 3.



4. The screen will split in two halves.  In the top half will be
your document, with a word highlighted that WordPerfect does not
recognize.  You have a number of choices:



    4.a. If you want to skip the word this once, press 1.

    4.b. If you want to skip this word whenever WordPerfect
encounters it, press 2.

    4.c. If you want to add this word to your personal dictionary,
press 3.

    4.d. If you want to edit this word, press 4.  Your cursor will
be put back into the document, where you can edit the word.
When you are done editing, press F7.

    4.e. To choose a word from the list at the bottom of the
screen, press the letter next to that word.  To see more
possible words, press Enter.



5. Repeat step 4 until the document has been completely checked.
 To cancel spell checking at any time, press F1.











Use the Thesaurus



1. Position the cursor on the word you want to check for.



2. Press Alt-F1.  On the screen will appear three columns, one,
two, or all of which will contain synonyms for the word.



3. There will be a bold, capital letter to the left of each word
in the left column.  If the word you want in another column,
press the Right-Arrow key once or twice, until the bold letters
are in the column you want.



4. Press 1.



5. Press the letter next to the word that you want to replace
the old word with.



Find Text



1. Position the cursor where you want the search to begin.



2. You can perform a search forward from the cursor or backward
from the cursor.



    2.a. To perform a search forward from the cursor, press F2.

    2.b. To perform a search backward from the cursor, press
Shift-F2.



3. Type the word or phrase you want to search for.



4. Press F2.  WordPerfect will move the cursor to the first
occurrence of the word.



5. To search for the next occurrence, press F2, F2.











Find and Replace Text



1. Position the cursor where you want the search to begin.



2. Press Alt-F2.



3. Press Y.



4. Enter the text you want to search for.



5. Press F2.



6. Enter the text you want to replace it with.



7. Press F2.  WordPerfect will move the cursor to the first
occurrence of the word.



8. To replace the word, press Y.  To skip to the next occurrence
of the word, press N.



9. To cancel the search at any time, press F1.



Macros



To make a macro:



1. Press Ctrl-F10.



2. Type in a word, or press and hold Alt and press a letter.



    2.a. If a message saying ********.WPM Already Exists comes up
on the bottom line of the screen, press 1, Y.



3. You will now be returned to the editing screen, with the
words Macro Def blinking at the bottom left corner of the
screen.  Type whatever you want to be in the macro, remembering
that every single keystroke will be recorded.



4. When you are done defining the macro, press Ctrl-F10.



To invoke a macro:



1. If the name of your macro was the Alt key and a letter, press
and hold the Alt key and press that letter.



2. If the name of your macro was a word, press Alt-F10.



3. Type in the name of the macro.  Press Enter.





View a Document



1. Position your cursor on the page you want to view.



2. Press Shift-F7.



3. Press 6.  A graphic depiction of how your page will look when
printed will appear on the screen.



4. There are four levels at which you can view the document:



    4.a. Press 1 to see the page as big as it will be when printed.

    4.b. Press 2 to get close-up magnification of the page.

    4.c. Press 3 to see the entire page.

    4.d. Press 4 to see to facing pages, as if they were bound in a
book format.



5. To move through the page, use the Arrow Keys.  To move to
another page, press PgUp or PgDn.  (Note that if you are viewing
facing pages PgUp and PgDn move 2 pages at a time.)Import a Graphic



1. Position your cursor where you want the graphic to be.



2. Press Alt-F9.



3. Press 1, 1.



4. The graphic will either be a standard WordPerfect graphic or
a special one that did not come with the WordPerfect program.



    4.a. If the graphic came with WordPerfect, go to step 5.

    4.b. If the graphic is a new one, go to step 8.



5. Press 1.



6. Type the name of the graphic and press Enter.



7. Go to step 11.



8. Press 1.



9. Insert the disk with the graphic on it into drive "A".



10. Type a: immediately followed by the name of the graphic.
Press Enter.



11. Press 6, 3.



12. Press 3.



13. Type in the caption for the picture.  Press F7.



14. Press Enter.



Create Columns



1. Position the cursor where you want the columns to begin.



2. Press Alt-F7.



3. Press 1, 3.



4. Press 2.



5. Type in the number of columns you want.  Press Enter.



6. Press 3.



7. Type in the distance in inches you want between columns.
Press Enter.



8. Press Enter.



9. Press 1.



To turn columns off:



1. Position the cursor where you want the columns to turn off.



2. Press Alt-F7.



3. Press 1, 2.



Make a Cross-Reference to a Page



1. Position your cursor where you want the reference to be
printed.



2. Type whatever preceding text you wish, i.e. See Page.



3. Press Alt-F5.



4. Press 1, 3, 1.



5. Move your cursor to the text that you want the reference to
refer to.  Press Enter.



6. Enter a short name of the reference.  Press Enter.



7. See the Generate function map.





Make a Sub-document



1. Move your cursor where you want the document to be imported.



2. Press Alt-F5.



3. Press 2.



4. Type the name of the file.  The file should be on the default
directory, else you should precede the name of the file with a
drive letter, a colon, and a directory path.  Press Enter.



To expand the file:



1. Press Alt-F5.



2. Press 6, 3.



To condense the file:



1. Press Alt-F5.



2. Press 6, 4.



3. Press Y if you want to save the sub-documents, else press N.



Make an Index



1. Press Shift-F3.  This will take you into Document 2.



2. Type a word that you want WordPerfect to look for.  Press
Enter.



3. Go to step 2 until you have typed in all of the words that
you want in the index.



4. Press Home, Home, Up-Arrow.



5. Press Alt-F4.



6. Press Home, Home, Down-Arrow.



7. Press Ctrl-F9.



8. Press 1.  This will sort all of the words you typed into
alphabetical order.



9. Press F7.



10. Press Y.



11. Type concord and press Enter.



    11.a. If a message saying Replace CONCORD comes up on the
bottom of the screen, press Y.



12. Press Y.  You will now be returned to Document 1.



13. Position your cursor where you want the index to be.  It is
recommended that the index be at the end of the document.



14. Press Alt-F5.



15. Press 5, 3.



16. Type concord and press Enter.



17. Press 2.



18. Go to the Generate function map.



Create a Table of Contents



1. Position the cursor where you want the table to be.



2. Press Alt-F5.



3. Press 5, 1.



4. Press 1.



5. Press 2 and hit Enter.  This will give you two levels in your
table, which is what I recommend so that you can point out the
large sections, plus the smaller sections within the large
sections.



6. Press Enter.



7. Move your cursor to the heading of the next section.
Position your cursor so that it is right in front of the words
of the heading.  You might want to press Alt-F3 to reveal the
codes to make sure there are no codes between the cursor and the
words of the heading, such as an underline code or a center code.



8. Press Alt-F4.



9. Move your cursor to the end of the heading.



10. Press Alt-F5.



11. Press 1.



12. Press the level that you want this heading put at in the
table of contents.  If the section is a major one, press 1.  If
the section is a smaller one within a major section, press 2.



13. Press Enter.



14. Go to step 7.



15. When you are done marking all of the section headings, go to
the Generate function map.



Generate



1. This should be the LAST thing you do before you print a
document.



2. Press Alt-F5.



3. Press 6, 5.



4. Press Y.





Save a Document as WordPerfect 5.0



1. Press Ctrl-F5.



2. Press 3, 2.



3. Type in the name of the file and press Enter.





Outlining



1. Position the cursor where you want the outlining to begin.



2. Press Shift-F5.



3. Press 4, 1.



4. You are now in outlining mode.



    4.a. To create a new line, press Enter.

    4.b. To move forward a level on a line, press Tab.

    4.c. To move backward a level on a line, press Shift-Tab.



To turn outlining off:



1. Press Shift-F5.



2. Press 4, 2.



Create a Basic Mail-Merge



This will give you the steps necessary to create a mailing list
and a letter to send out to everyone on that mailing list.  Make
sure you start this map with nothing present in either Document
1 or Document 2.



Making the mailing list:



1. Press Shift-F9.



2. Press 6.



3. Type field names and press Enter.



4. Type fullname and press Enter.



5. Type business and press Enter.



6. Type address and press Enter.



7. Type phone and press Enter.



8. Type greeting and press Enter.



9. Press Enter.  The names of the fields will appear on the
screen, followed by a Hard Page break.



10. Type in the full name of the next person on the mailing list
and press F9.



11. Type in the person's business and press F9.



12. Type in the person's address, press Enter after each line.
When done, press F9.



13. Type in the person's phone number and press F9.



14. Type in how you want to greet the person, i.e. Mr. Johnson,
and press F9.



15. Press Shift-F9.



16. Press 2.



17. Go to step 10.



18. When done creating the mailing list, press F7.



19. Press Y.



20. Type maillist and press Enter.



    20.a. If a message saying Replace MAILLIST comes up, press Y.



21. Press N.



Creating the letter:



1. Type in whatever heading you want in the letter.  Now we are
going to create the address.



2. Press Shift-F9, 1.



3. Type fullname and press Enter.



4. Press Shift-F9, 1.



5. Type business and press Enter.



6. Press Shift-F9, 1.



7. Type address and press Enter.



8. Press Shift-F9, 1.



9. Type phone and press Enter.



10. Press Enter.



11. Type Dear and press the Spacebar.



12. Press Shift-F9, 1.



13. Type greeting and press Enter.



14. Type : and press Enter.



15. Type the body of the letter as you want it to appear.



16. When you are done typing the letter, press F7.



17. Press Y.



18. Type letter and press Enter.



    18.a. If a message saying Replace LETTER comes up, press Y.



19. Press N.

Merging the files:



1. Press Ctrl-F9.



2. Press 1.



3. Type letter and press Enter.



4. Type maillist and press Enter.  The documents will be merged
onto the screen.  Each letter is in the file on the screen, a
Hard Page break separating each letter.  You may now save or
print this file like any normal file.





Copy Text Between Documents



I assume that for this map you have in Doc 1 the file where the
text is coming from, and in Doc 2 the file where the text is
going to.



1. Position the cursor at the beginning of the text you want to
move and press Alt-F4.



2. Move the cursor to the end of the text you want to move and
press Ctrl-F4.



3. Press 1, 2.



4. Press Shift-F3.



5. Position the cursor where you want the text to be placed and
press Enter.





































INDEX



        Advance page22

        Alt4

        Appearance33

        Append36

        Arrow keys4

        ASCII53

        Backspace4, 7, 12

        Backup25

        Baseline Placement23

        Beep26

        Binding31

        Blocking text35

        Boldface9

        Border Options23

        Buffer36

        Cancel13

        Carriage return4

        Center Page20

        Characters56

        Charts44

        Codes12

        Colors24

        Columns25, 43, 67

        Comment54

        Compose56

        Concordance file48

        Condense48

        Conditional End of Page22

        Control Printer30

        Convert files55

        Copy file15

        Copying text36

        Cross-reference46, 68

        Ctrl4

        Cursor movement8

        Cursor Speed26

        Date26, 56

        Decimal Align Character23

        Default directory13

        Default printer27

        Del7, 12

        Delete7

        Delete document14

        Disk13

        Display24

        Document Summary22, 26

        DOS2, 16, 56

        DOS Text53

        End8

        Endnote38

        Enter6

        Exit16

        Expand48

        Fast Save26

        Field51

        File list13

        File location27

        File manipulation14

        Find37, 64

        Find document15, 59

        Flush right56

        Font34

        Footers20, 61

        Footnote38

        Function keys5, 10

        Function Maps1, 58

        Generate38, 47, 49, 71

        Graphic66

        Graphics40

        Hanging indents11

        Hard drive2

        Hard Page8

        Hard Return4, 8, 25

        Headers20, 61

        Help5

        Home8

        Hyphenation17

        Indent11

        Index48, 69

        Initial Codes27

        Initial Settings26

        Insert7

        Install2

        Justification17, 23, 59

        Kerning23

        Keyboard4

        Landscape orientation21, 62

        Language23

        Line40

        Line Height18

        Line Numbering18

        Line Spacing18, 60

        Lists50

        Loading3

        Look at document15

        Macro39, 65

        Mailing list72

        Margins, Left/Right18, 60

        Margins, Top/Bottom20, 60

        Markers12, 33

        Master document47

        Measure18, 26

        Merge14, 25, 51, 72

        Mouse1

        Moving text36

        Multiple Copies32

        Num Lock9

        Number pad4

        Outline45, 71

        Overstrike23

        Page7

        Page Numbering21, 61

        Paper21

        Password53

        PgDn8

        PgUp8

        Portrait orientation21

        Print30

        Print Color34

        Printer Command23

        Printer Functions23

        Printing options31

        Proportional fonts11

        Quality of printing32

        Redlining22, 33

        Reference46, 68

        Rename document14

        Replace37, 64

        Retrieve59

        Retrieve document14

        Reveal Codes12, 25

        Rewrite11

        Save53, 71

        Save As53

        Save document14

        Screen Type24

        Search37, 64

        Select Printer31

        Selection bar14

        Setup24

        Shift4

        Size33

        Soft Page8

        Soft Return8

        Sort52

        Spell check28, 63

        Spreadsheets54

        Status line3, 25

        Strikeout33

        Style33

        Sub-document68

        Sub-documents47

        Suppress21

        Switch documents12

        Tab4, 6, 10

        Tab stops19

        Table44

        Table of Authorities49

        Table of Contents49, 50, 70

        Tables46

        Template10, 57

        Text centering10

        Text editing7

        Text entering6

        Thesaurus29, 63

        Typeover7

        Underline23

        Underlining9

        View Document24, 31, 65

        Widow/Orphan protection19

        Window12

        Word and Letter Spacing23

        Word wrapping4

        WordPerfect 4.253

        WordPerfect 5.053, 71